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. 2014 Sep 19;3(5):e000929. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.000929

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Effect of metabolic surgery on blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rats. A, Experimental flow chart. Telemetric transmitters were implanted before RYGB or sham surgery. SHRs were subjected to cold exposure at week 12. Dietary restriction was performed in a subgroup of sham SHRs at 16 to 20 weeks. RSNA, EFS, NTS microinjection, and cardiovascular function and structure were analyzed at the end of 20 weeks. B, Representative diagram of RYGB surgery on SHRs. Left panel showed that the gastric pouch of the stomach was anastomosed to the distal cut end of the jejunum. Right panel shows that the proximal cut end of the jejunum was anastomosed to the side of the lower jejunum. C, Time‐related changes of blood pressure in SHR. Blood pressure was determined using radiotelemetry. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) from sham and surgery SHRs was directly recorded by a cannula under anesthesia at 20 weeks. *P<0.05; **P<0.01 vs. sham SHRs. Data are means±SEM. Each n=7. D, RYGB reduced SBP and DBP in SHRs. Twenty‐four‐hour blood pressure was determined using radiotelemetry at baseline (week 0) and after surgery (week 12) in SHRs. **P<0.01 vs. sham SHRs. Data are means±SEM. Each n=7. BP indicates blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EFS, electrical field stimulation; HR, heart rate; NTS, nucleus of the solitary tract; RSNA, renal sympathetic nervous activity; RYGB, Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass; SHRs, spontaneously hypertensive rats; SBP, systolic blood pressure.