Table 3.

Sex‐Specific Age‐Adjusted Mean Intake of Energy, Fat, and Fatty Acids Among Women Aged 25 to 74 Years in the Minneapolis‐St. Paul Metropolitan Area: Minnesota Heart Survey 1980–1982 Through 2007–2009

	1980–1982		1985–1987		1990–1992		1995–1997		2000–2002		2007–2009		% Change*	P for Change*	P for Trend*
	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Mean	SE	Mean	SE
Energy, kcal/d	1645	25.9	1644	23.0	1652	22.2	1851	25.2	1788	21.6	1808	27.3	9.9	<0.001	<0.001
Total fat, % kcal	38.4	0.35	36.1	0.31	33.9	0.30	30.6	0.34	32.1	0.29	32.9	0.37	−14.3	<0.001	<0.001
SFA, % kcal	13.5	0.17	12.7	0.15	11.9	0.14	10.5	0.16	11.2	0.14	11.4	0.17	−15.6	<0.001	<0.001
MUFA, % kcal	14.5	0.16	13.2	0.14	12.4	0.13	11.4	0.15	11.9	0.13	12.0	0.16	−17.2	<0.001	<0.001
PUFA, % kcal	7.2	0.12	7.2	0.10	6.9	0.09	6.2	0.11	6.3	0.09	6.9	0.12	−3.8	0.11	<0.001
Total trans fat, % kcal	2.7	0.05	2.4	0.05	2.3	0.04	2.2	0.05	2.2	0.04	1.7	0.06	−35.9	<0.001	<0.001
20:5 PUFA (EPA), g/d	0.03	0.004	0.03	0.003	0.02	0.003	0.02	0.004	0.03	0.003	0.04	0.004	33.3	0.56	0.44
22:6 PUFA (DHA), g/d	0.06	0.006	0.06	0.005	0.04	0.005	0.05	0.006	0.06	0.005	0.08	0.006	33.3	0.02	0.98
PUFA:SFA ratio	0.6	0.02	0.6	0.02	0.7	0.01	0.7	0.02	0.6	0.01	0.7	0.02	20.0	<0.001	0.003

DHA indicates docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; SFA, saturated fatty acid.

^*Percent change in intake between 1980–1982 and 2007–2009.

^*P for change results from generalized linear mixed model analysis least square means tests comparing 1980–1982 and 2007–2009 intake estimates.

^*P for trend results from generalized linear mixed model analysis test for linear trends across the survey periods.