Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics for Whole Cohort and Across Quartiles of Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) Score
| Whole Cohort (n=8987) | Quartile 1 (n=2193) | Quartile 2 (n=2219) | Quartile 3 (n=1597) | Quartile 4 (n=2978) | P Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DASI score | <24 | 24 to 38 | 38 to 50 | ≥51 | ||
| Age, y | 64±11 | 68±11 | 66±11 | 63±10 | 59±10 | <0.001 |
| Male, % | 68 | 52 | 65 | 71 | 80 | <0.001 |
| Smoker, % | 66 | 66 | 66 | 68 | 65 | 0.214 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 38 | 51 | 42 | 37 | 26 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, % | 74 | 81 | 77 | 74 | 65 | <0.001 |
| History of CAD, % | 68 | 77 | 72 | 66 | 59 | <0.001 |
| History of MI, % | 38 | 47 | 39 | 36 | 32 | <0.001 |
| History of HF, % | 21 | 38 | 22 | 16 | 9 | <0.001 |
| History of PAD, % | 26 | 38 | 32 | 23 | 15 | <0.001 |
| History of stroke, % | 7 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 3 | <0.001 |
| History of ventricular arrhythmia, % | 9 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 0.001 |
| LVEF <50% (%) | 26 | 35 | 28 | 24 | 19 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.7 (25.7 to 32.7) | 29.4 (25.7 to 34.6) | 29 (25.9 to 33.1) | 28.7 (25.8 to 32.5) | 28.4 (25.5 to 31.6) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 95 (76 to 118) | 92 (73 to 114) | 94 (75 to 117) | 95 (76 to 118) | 98 (79 to 120) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 38 (31 to 47) | 37 (30 to 47) | 38 (31 to 47) | 38 (31 to 47) | 38 (31 to 48) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 165 (142 to 193) | 161 (138 to 191) | 164 (141 to 191) | 164 (143 to 193) | 168 (144 to 196) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 122 (86 to 177) | 129 (91 to 187) | 122 (88 to 177) | 122 (86 to 174) | 117 (82 to 170) | <0.001 |
| hsCRP, mg/L | 2.40 (1.04 to 5.91) | 4.13 (1.72 to 10.26) | 2.58 (1.12 to 6.03) | 2.32 (1.02 to 5.22) | 1.58 (0.77 to 3.77) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 83 (67 to 95) | 72 (54 to 89) | 81 (65 to 93) | 86 (71 to 96) | 89 (76 to 99) | <0.001 |
| MPO, pmol/L | 111 (73 to 232) | 127 (81 to 277) | 112 (74 to 218) | 108 (70 to 234) | 100 (69 to 207) | <0.001 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 95 (38 to 242) | 176 (75 to 479) | 115 (46 to 281) | 83 (35 to 178) | 58 (26 to 131) | <0.001 |
| WBC, ×109/L | 6 (5 to 8) | 6 (5 to 8) | 6 (5 to 8) | 6 (5 to 7) | 6 (5 to 7) | <0.001 |
| apoA1 | 116 (103 to 132) | 115 (101 to 134) | 116 (103 to 132) | 115 (102 to 131) | 115 (104 to 131) | <0.001 |
| apoB | 81 (69 to 96) | 81 (69 to 96) | 82 (69 to 95) | 82 (69 to 96) | 81 (69 to 96) | <0.001 |
| Baseline medications | ||||||
| ACE inhibitors/ARBs, % | 50 | 57 | 52 | 52 | 43 | <0.001 |
| β‐Blockers, % | 62 | 66 | 64 | 61 | 57 | <0.001 |
| Statin, % | 59 | 59 | 60 | 58 | 57 | 0.11 |
| Aspirin, % | 72 | 69 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 0.005 |
CAD indicates coronary artery disease; MI, myocardial infarction; HF, heart failure; PAD, peripheral artery disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; BMI, body mass index; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MPO, myeloperoxidase; BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; WBC, total leukocyte count; apoA1, apolipoprotein A1; apoB, apolipoprotein B; ACE, angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker.
*
Kruskal–Wallis test for multigroup comparisons.