. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 11.

Published in final edited form as: J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Apr 18;23(0):131–141. doi: 10.1159/000346548

Table 1.

Summary of OMV and MV functions for Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, and archaea.


Function	Species	Reference
Transport DNA/Transform	P. aeruginosa N. gonorrhoeae B. burgdorferi A. tumefaciens E. coli H. influenzae M. osloensis S. typhimurium S. marscens S. dysenteriae S. flexneri Y. pestis Thermococcales T. kodakaraensis	(Renelli et al., 2004) (Dorward et al., 1989) (Dorward and Garon, 1989) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Dorward and Garon, 1990) (Soler et al., 2011; Soler et al., 2008) (Gaudin et al., 2012)

Transport of Toxic Factor to Eukaryote	P. aeruginosa A. actinomycetemcomitans V. cholerae N. meningitidis S. aureus B. anthracis	(Kadurugamuwa and Beveridge, 1997) (Rompikuntal et al., 2012) (Chatterjee and Chaudhuri, 2011) (van der Ley and van den Dobbelsteen, 2011) (Gurung et al., 2011) (Rivera et al., 2010)

Respond to Envelope Stress	E. coli S. typhimurium P. aeruginosa	(McBroom et al., 2006; McBroom and Kuehn, 2007) (McBroom and Kuehn, 2007) (Tashiro et al., 2009)

Protect Against Antimicrobial Agent	E. coli P. gingivalis P. aeruginosa P. putida	(Manning and Kuehn, 2011) (Grenier et al., 1995) (Kadurugamuwa et al., 1993) (Baumgarten et al., 2011)

Transport of Toxic Factor to Prokaryote	P. aeruginosa S. acidocaldarius E. coli S. pullorum S. arizonae S. cholerae-suis E. agglomerans P. vulgaris S. marcescens K. pneumoniae S. flexneri C. freundii M. morganii P. trifolii Lysobacter spXL1 P. fragi	(Kadurugamuwa and Beveridge, 1996; Li et al., 1996, 1998) (Prangishvili et al., 2000) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Li et al., 1998) (Vasilyeva et al., 2008) (Thompson et al., 1985)

Produce/Maintain Biofilm	P. aeruginosa H. pylori	(Schooling and Beveridge, 2006; Schooling et al., 2009) (Yonezawa et al., 2009; Yonezawa et al., 2011)

Other Functions: Biomineralization Adsorb UV Insecticidal Activity Redox-Reactivity	Mixed Culture V. cholerae X. nematophilus S. putrefaciens	(Matlakowska et al., 2012) (Song and Wai, 2009) (Khandelwal and Banerjee-Bhatnagar, 2003) (Gorby et al., 2008)