Table 3.
Univariable and Multivariable Predictors of Bronchiectasisa
| Univariable Predictors |
Multivariable Predictors |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | 95% CI | P Value | RR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| HTLV-1 Studies | ||||||
| WB | 3.79 | 2.23–6.42 | .000 | 1.84 | 1.19–2.84 | .006 |
| Ab titerb | 1.18 | 1.05–1.32 | .006 | … | … | … |
| PVLc | 1.21 | 1.08–1.36 | .001 | … | … | … |
| Eosinophiliad | 1.96 | 1.21–3.19 | .006 | … | … | … |
| Strongyloidese | ||||||
| Positive | 2.23 | 1.31–3.79 | .003 | 1.69 | 1.13–2.53 | .011 |
| Equivocal | 2.56 | 1.53–4.28 | .000 | 1.83 | 1.18–2.82 | .006 |
| Skin Infections | ||||||
| Childhoodf | 3.77 | 2.36–6.03 | .000 | 1.62 | 1.07–2.44 | .022 |
| Adulthoodf | 1.86 | 1.24–2.78 | .003 | … | … | … |
| Scabies | 1.74 | 1.04–2.92 | .036 | … | … | … |
| IDH | 2.09 | 1.63–2.68 | .000 | … | … | … |
| HTLV-1-associated conditionsg | 2.24 | 1.71–2.94 | .000 | … | … | … |
| Haemophilus influenzaeh | 1.09 | 1.03–1.14 | .001 | … | … | … |
| Alcoholi | 0.63 | 0.40–0.97 | .037 | … | … | … |
Abbreviations: Ab, HTLV-1 antibody titer; CI, confidence interval; HTLV-1, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1; IDH, HTLV-1-associated infective dermatitis; RR, relative risk; PVL, proviral load; WB, Western blot.
a Multivariable predictors were adjusted for the covariates listed in the table.
b Increased risk per 1 log increase in antibody titer.
c Increased risk of bronchiectasis per unit increase in HTLV-1c proviral load.
d Eosinophils > 0.7 × 109/L for at least 12 months.
e Strongyloides serology result.
f Admission specifically for the treatment of a skin infection.
g Infective (infective dermatitis, 3; complicated strongyloidiasis, 2) and inflammatory (uveitis, 1; pericarditis, 1) conditions likely to be HTLV-1 associated.
h Haemophilus influenzae isolated from sputum prior to a formal diagnosis of bronchiectasis.
i Harmful alcohol consumption.