Table 1.
Diagnostic Performance of (1→3)-β-d-Glucan in CSF and in Serum for Cryptococcal Meningitis, Using a Positive Cutoff of ≥80 pg/mL*
| Specimen Type | N | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI | 95% CI | 95% CI | 95% CI | ||
| CSF | 117 | 89% (69 of 78)† | 85% (33 of 39) | 92% (69 of 75) | 79% (33 of 42) |
| 81%–95% | 70%–94% | 83%–97% | 66%–91% | ||
| Serum | 109 | 79% (37 of 47)‡ | 61% (38 of 62) | 61% (37 of 61) | 79% (38 of 48) |
| 64%–89% | 48%–73% | 47%–73% | 65%–90% |
Significant values are represented in bold.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.
* Cryptococcal meningitis was defined by CSF positivity of cryptococcal antigen (n = 78) and/or culture (n = 76).
† In CSF, 4 specimens from patients diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis were in the indeterminate range (60–79 pg/mL) according to the package insert. These were considered negative for purposes of diagnostic performance.
‡ In serum, 5 specimens from patients diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis and 4 specimens from patients without cryptococcal meningitis were in the indeterminate range (60–79 pg/mL) according to the package insert.