Buchner 1997.

Methods	RCT: with four groups: strength training alone, endurance training alone, strength and endurance training and control group Method of randomisation: variation of randomly permuted blocks Assessor blinding: yes Participant blinding: no Loss to follow‐up: 4 (from PRT/control) Intention to‐treat analysis: yes Post‐program follow up: exercisers assessed at 9 months, all participants monitored for falls for median 1.42 years (max 2.35 years)
Participants	Location: USA N = 105 total (55 in PRT vs control) Sample: older people with muscle weakness, recruited from primary care physicians in a HMO Age: mean 75 years Inclusion criteria: between 68 and 85 years of age; unable to do an eight‐step tandem gait without errors; below the 50th percentile in knee extensor strength for the subject's height and weight Exclusion criteria: active cardiovascular, pulmonary, vestibular and bone diseases; positive cardiac stress test; body weight >180% of ideal; major psychiatric illness; active metabolic diseases; chronic anemia; amputation; chronic neurological or muscle disease; inability to walk; dependency in eating, dressing transfer or bathing; inability to speak English or fill out written forms
Interventions	PRT versus control 1. PRT Type of Ex : 2UL, 9LL, 1Tr Equipment: machines (Cybex) Intensity: high (set 1: 50‐60% of 1RM; set 2: 75% of 1RM) Frequency: Ex3 Reps/Sets: 10/2 Program Duration: 24‐26 weeks Setting: gym Supervision: not reported Adherence: 95% excluding drop‐outs; 81% including drop‐outs 2. Control Group: maintained usual activity levels, allowed to join exercise program after 6 months
Outcomes	Aerobic capacity Strength (isokinetic) Balance Gait SF‐36 Sickness Impact Profile Lawton IADL scale Stair climbing Falls Health care use Comments on adverse events: yes
Notes	Data from PRT and control group were compared Data from PRT and aerobic training group were compared
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear