| Methods |
RCT both groups were also on a low‐protein diet (run‐in period for 6 weeks to evaluate this); comparison was between low‐protein diet alone or low‐protein diet plus resistance training
Method of randomisation: not reported
Assessor blinding: blind for all assessments except strength
Participant blinding: yes, sham‐exercises
Loss to follow‐up: no
Intention‐to‐treat analysis: not stated
Post‐program follow up: no |
| Participants |
Location: USA
N = 26
Sample: patients with moderate chronic renal insufficiency, recruited from nephrology clinics
Age: mean 65 years (SD 9)
Inclusion criteria: older than 50 years of age; serum creatinine concentrations between 133‐422 umol/L (1.5 and 5.0 mg/dL); physician approval to follow a low protein diet; nephrologist confirmed diagnosis of chronic renal insufficiency
Exclusion criteria: myocardial infarction within the last 6 months; any unstable chronic condition; dementia; alcoholism; dialysis or previous renal; current resistance training; recent involuntary weight change (+/‐ 2kg); albumin level less than 30g/L; proteinuria greater than 10g/d; abnormal stress test on screening |
| Interventions |
PRT versus control
1. PRT plus low‐protein diet
Type of Ex: 2UL, 3LL
Equipment: machines (Keiser)
Intensity: 80% of 1RM
Frequency: Ex3
Reps/Sets: 8/3
Duration: 12 weeks
Setting: gym at research centre
Supervision: full
Adherence: 91%
2. Control Group: on low‐protein diet; performed 5‐8 sham exercises (gentle movements while standing sitting and bending) for upper and lower body |
| Outcomes |
Strength (1RM),
Peak oxygen consumption
Comments on adverse events: yes |
| Notes |
|
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Allocation concealment? |
Unclear risk |
B ‐ Unclear |
