| Methods |
RCT, PRT vs moderate aerobic exercise
Method of randomisation: randomised, with subjects blocked for gender and residence
Assessor blinding: no
Participant blinding: no
Loss to Follow‐up: 3
Intention‐to‐treat analyses: no
Post‐program follow up: no |
| Participants |
Location: USA
N = 43
Sample: independent community volunteers
Age: mean 77 years (SD 5) in PRT group
Inclusion criteria: age greater than 70 years; score of 8 or higher on the Short Physical Performance Battery; ability to travel (by using public or private transportation) to the retirement community where exercise sessions were held; willingness to attend exercise sessions for 12 weeks
Exclusion criteria: myocardial infarction in the past 6 months; heart failure (New York Heart Association classification <1); angina with moderate activity; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or shortness of breath while walking at a normal pace; stroke with residual motor deficits; poorly controlled hypertension (>174mmHg systolic, >100mmHg diastolic); cancer with chemotherapy or radiation in the past year; physical performance limited by arthritis; on any of the following medications: neuroleptics, oral steroids, testosterone or growth hormones |
| Interventions |
PRT versus aerobic
1. PRT
Type of Ex: 2 LL; also did step‐ups, chair rises and plantar flexion exercises in standing
Equipment: Pneumatic resistance machines
Intensity: high for leg press‐ started at 50% of 1RM, increased by 10% during each week of training; moderate for other exercises
Frequency: Ex3
Reps/Sets: 10/3
Duration: 12 weeks
Setting: gym at retirement center
Supervision: full
Adherence: 90%
2. Aerobic training group: moderate intensity exercise 30 minutes daily, 6 days weekly |
| Outcomes |
Short physical performance battery (SPPB)
Balance (semi‐tandem stance, single leg stance)
Chair rise (5)
8‐foot walk
Aerobic capacity (6‐minute walk)
Muscle strength
Comments on adverse events: yes |
| Notes |
Data from PRT and aerobic training group were compared |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Allocation concealment? |
Unclear risk |
B‐ Unclear |
