Table 3.

Neuropsychological test performance of HIV seronegative and HIV seropositive (entire and matched) participants

		HIV− controls (n=20)		All HIV+ (n=49)		Effect size (all HIV+ vs. HIV−)	Matched HIV+ (n=31)		Effect size (matched)
		Mean	SD	Mean	SD		Mean	SD
Verbal fluency	Letter fluency	35.8	10.2	27.4	10.2	−0.81**	30.1	10.4	−0.54
	Animal fluency	18.6	4.7	17.5	5.0	−0.22	18.5	5.1	−0.02
	Action fluency	14.2	5.8	10.6	4.9	−0.69*	11.8	5.1	−0.44
Speed of information processing	Digit symbol	69.6	12.5	58.4	16.3	−0.72**	63.8	15.3	−0.40
	Symbol search	31.9	6.6	24.7	8.7	−0.87**	28.1	8.0	−0.50
	Trails A	37.0	9.6	48.1	19.9	0.62*	42.2	17.1	0.35
	Color trails 1	44.4	18.6	54.4	26.4	0.40	48.1	21.7	0.10
	Stroop word (#)	95.8	13.5	85.8	15.2	−0.67*	89.4	14.9	−0.44
	Stroop color (#)	72.4	10.2	63.7	12.1	−0.74**	67.2	11.9	−0.45
Attention/working memory	PASAT-50	35.7	9.0	26	11	−0.92**	29.3	11.6	−0.59*
	Spatial span	17.3	2.3	15.6	4.5	−0.42	17.0	4.0	−0.09
Executive functioning	Category test	38.9	16.9	56.9	26.4	0.74**	49.5	26.8	0.44
	WCST-64	8.5	4.0	12.8	6.2	0.75**	11.3	5.3	0.57*
	Stroop incong (#)	43.6	12.9	36.7	10.0	−0.63*	39.3	8.9	−0.40
	Color trails 2	78	21.5	97.9	47.2	0.47	87.1	48.8	0.22
Learning	BVMT-R learning	27.5	5.2	23.4	6.1	−0.69*	25.5	5.7	−0.36
	HVLT-R learning	27.9	3.6	26	4.5	−0.44	27.1	4.5	0.19
Recall	BVMT-R delay	9.9	1.4	8.9	2.4	−0.46	9.7	2.1	−0.11
	HVLT-R delay	9.8	1.6	9.0	2.1	−0.40	9.3	2.0	−0.27
Motor	Pegs dominant	62.7	8.6	77.4	14.2	1.13***	75.4	13.1	1.08***
	Pegs non-dom	71.6	9.9	83.1	18.4	0.69*	80.2	18.6	0.54
Global	% impaired	10 %		59 %			38.7 %

^*p<0.05;

^**p<0.01;

^***p<0.001

PASAT paced auditory serial addition task, WCST Wisconsin card sorting test, HVLT-R Hopkins verbal learning test-revised, BVMT-R brief visuospatial memory test-revised