Table 2.
Results.
| Intervention group | Control group | Difference between medians | Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (95% confidence interval) | ||||
| Rest pain | 2 h: 5.5 (0–9.3) | 2 h: 4.6 (0–9.5) | 2 h: −0.3 (−1.4–0.9) | 2 h: p = 0.592 |
| 4 h: 2.7 (0–8.6) | 4 h: 3.2 (0–8.3) | 4 h: −0.1 (−0.9–0.8) | 4 h: p = 0.800 | |
| 6 h: 0.8 (0–8.9) | 6 h: 1.45 (0–7) | 6 h: 0.2 (−0.4–0.7) | 6 h: p = 0.499 | |
| 24 h: 0.75 (0–6.3) | 24 h: 0.6 (0–7.6) | 24 h: −0.1 (−0.6–0.2) | 24 h: p = 0.487 | |
| 48 h: 0 (0–2.5) | 48 h: 0 (0–4.5) | 48 h: 0 (0) | 48 h: p = 0.641 | |
| Total: 10.2 (0–31.7) | Total: 11.1 (1.4–28.0) | Total: 0.05 (−2.8–3.1) | Total: p = 0.977 | |
|
| ||||
| Movement pain | 2 h: 4.9 (0–9.6) | 2 h: 4.6 (0–9.8) | 2 h: −0.3 (−1.4–0.9) | 2 h: p = 0.608 |
| 4 h: 3.7 (0–8.6) | 4 h: 3.8 (0–8.7) | 4 h: −0.2 (−1.2–0.9) | 4 h: p = 0.779 | |
| 6 h: 2.2 (0–8.9) | 6 h: 2.3 (0–8.8) | 6 h: −0.1 (−0.9–0.6) | 6 h: p = 0.749 | |
| 24 h: 2.35 (0–8.4) | 24 h: 2.5 (0–8.4) | 24 h: 0.2 (−0.5–1.3) | 24 h: p = 0.539 | |
| 48 h: 0.3 (0–5.1) | 48 h: 0.5 (0–5.1) | 48 h: 0 (−0.1–0.3) | 48 h: p = 0.562 | |
| Total: 14.2 (0.5–28.3) | Total: 13.65 (0.4–33.7) | Total: 0.7 (−3.1–4.2) | Total: p = 0.719 | |
|
| ||||
| Shoulder-tip pain | 2 h: 0 (0–2.7) | 2 h: 0 (0–8.7) | 2 h: 0 (0) | 2 h: p = 0.278 |
| Mean: 0.13 | Mean: 0.65 | |||
| 4 h: 0 (0–5.4) | 4 h: 0 (0–3.6) | 4 h: 0 (0) | 4 h: p = 0.235 | |
| Mean: 0.21 | Mean: 0.23 | |||
| 6 h: 0 (0–2.4) | 6 h: 0 (0–7.2) | 6 h: 0 (0) | 6 h: | |
| Mean: 0.09 | Mean: 0.45 | Upper side p = 0.008 | ||
| Two-sided p = 0.016 | ||||
| 24 h: 0 (0–8.3) | 24 h: 0 (0–10) | 24 h: 0 (0) | 24 h: p = 0.538 | |
| Mean: 1.24 | Mean: 1.61 | |||
| 48 h: 0 (0–8.4) | 48 h: 0.1 (0–10) | 48 h: 0 (0–0.4) | 48 h: p = 0.155 | |
| Mean: 1.23 | Mean: 1.62 | |||
| Total: | Total: | Total: | Total: | |
| 0.35 (0–11.2) | 1.6 (0–24.4) | 0 (0–2.1) | Upper side p = 0.037 | |
| Mean: 2.62 | Mean: 4.73 | Two-sided p = 0.074 | ||
|
| ||||
| Cough pain | 2 h: 4.1 (0–9.3) | 2 h: 5.2 (0–9.7) | 2 h: 0.2 (−0.9–1.5) | 2 h: p = 0.634 |
| 4 h: 3.5 (0–8.9) | 4 h: 3.0 (0–9.4) | 4 h: −0.4 (−1.5–0.7) | 4 h: p = 0.489 | |
| 6 h: 2.4 (0–8.4) | 6 h: 2.65 (0–9.0) | 6 h: −0.2 (−1.1–0.8) | 6 h: p = 0.686 | |
| 24 h: 2.6 (0–8.8) | 24 h: 2.5 (0–9.3) | 24 h: 0 (−0.9–1) | 24 h: p = 0.945 | |
| 48 h: 0.4 (0–8.0) | 48 h: 0.5 (0–6.9) | 48 h: 0 (−0.3–0.3) | 48 h: p = 0.790 | |
| Total: 16 (1.9–29.8) | Total: 14.65 (1.2–35.1) | Total: −0.2 (−4–3.1) | Total: p = 0.880 | |
|
| ||||
| Temperature change* | −0.1 (−0.7–0.7) | −0.1 (−0.7–0.5) | p = 0.768 | |
|
| ||||
| Recovery room time | 130 (70–1440) | 135 (60–135) | 0 (−20–20) | p = 0.994 |
|
| ||||
| Length of stay | 6 (3–9) | 6 (5–9) | 0 (0-0) | p = 0.392 |
|
| ||||
| Morphine | 10.5 (3.0–45.0) | 13.5 (0–37.5) | 3 (0–6) | Upper side p = 0.027 |
| on operation day | Mean: 12.51 | Mean: 14.84 | Two-sided p = 0.054 | |
|
| ||||
| Morphine | 7.5 (0–46.5) | 9 (0–36.0) | 3 (0–4.5) | Upper side p = 0.030 |
| 24 h postoperatively | Mean: 8.59 | Mean: 11.36 | Two-sided p = 0.061 | |
|
| ||||
| Morphine | 0 (0–12.0) | 0 (0–7.5) | 0 (0) | p = 0.896 |
| 48 h postoperatively | Mean: 0.52 | Mean: 0.43 | ||
|
| ||||
| Total morphine consumption | 16.5 (3.0–84.0) | 24 (0–75) | 6 (0–10.5) | Upper side p = 0.0127 |
| Mean: 21.65 | Mean: 26.62 | Two-sided p = 0.0253 | ||
|
| ||||
| Bolus rejected | 2 (0–53) | 2 (0–31) | 0 (−1–1) | p = 0.574 |
| on operation day | Mean: 5.02 | Mean: 4.33 | ||
|
| ||||
| Bolus rejected | 0 (0–16) | 0 (0–13) | 0 (0) | Upper side p = 0.016 |
| 24 h postoperatively | Mean: 0.66 | Mean: 1.96 | Two-sided p = 0.032 | |
|
| ||||
| Bolus rejected | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0) | p = 0.523 |
| 48 h postoperatively | Mean: 0.04 | Mean: 0.02 | ||
|
| ||||
| Total bolus rejected | 2 (0–55) | 3 (0–37) | 1 (0–2) | p = 0.293 |
| Mean: 5.48 | Mean: 6.31 | |||
Values are given as median (range) or mean as stated.
p = two-sided p if not otherwise stated; upper side p = H1: x tends to be greater than y; two-sided p = H1: x tends to be distributed differently to y; x = control group.
*ANOVA.