Table 1.
JEV isolates analyzed in this study.
| Strain | Year | Location | Source | Genotype | Accession number | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C/PrM | E | |||||
| Nakayama | 1935 | Tokyo, Japan | Human brain | 3 | U03694 | S75726 |
| Beijing-1 | 1949 | Beijing, China | Human brain | 3 | L48961 | L48961 |
| P20778 | 1958 | Vellore, India | Human brain | 3 | AF080251 | AF080251 |
| JaGAr#01 | 1959 | Gunma, Japan | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 3 | D00961 | AF069076 |
| M-859 | 1967 | Cambodia | C. gelidus | 1 | D00984 | U70410 |
| WTP/70/22 | 1970 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Mosquito | 2 | D00998 | U70421 |
| M28 | 1977 | Yunnan, China | C. pseudovishnui | 1 | JF706279 | JF706279 |
| Th2372 | 1979 | Thailand | Human brain | 1 | D76424 | U70401 |
| VN-118 | 1979 | Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam | C. fatigans | 3 | D00975 | U70420 |
| JKT7003 | 1981 | Indonesia | Mosquito | 4 | L42161 | U70408 |
| JKT9092 | 1981 | Indonesia | Mosquito | 4 | L42158 | U70409 |
| JKT5441 | 1981 | Indonesia | Mosquito | 2 | L42164 | U70406 |
| P19-Br | 1982 | Chiang Mai, Thailand | Human brain | 1 | D76427 | JEU70416 |
| B-0860/82 | 1982 | Thailand | Pig | 1 | GQ902058 | GQ902058 |
| 1070/82 | 1982 | Thailand | Human | 1 | GQ902059 | GQ902059 |
| JaOArS982 | 1982 | Japan | Mosquito pool | 3 | M18370 | M18370 |
| YN83-Meng83-54 | 1983 | Yunnan, China | Lasiohelea taiwana Shiraki | 1 | DQ404062 | DQ404130 |
| YN83-83199 | 1983 | Yunnan, China | Culex sp. | 1 | DQ404063 | DQ404131 |
| PhAn 1242 | 1984 | Santo Cristo, Philippines | Swine blood | 3 | D00982 | U70417 |
| B-2239 | 1984 | Chiang Mai, Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | D00993 | U70391 |
| B-1381-85 | 1985 | Thailand | Pig | 1 | GQ902061 | GQ902061 |
| 3KP“U”CV569 | 1985 | Thailand | Mosquito | 1 | GQ902060 | GQ902060 |
| 4790-85 | 1985 | Thailand | Human | 1 | GQ902062 | GQ902062 |
| YN85-L86-99 | 1985 | Yunnan, China | Culex sp. | 1 | DQ404064 | DQ404132 |
| Naha Meat 54 | 1985 | Okinawa, Japan | Swine blood | 3 | D85958 | DQ355367* |
| YN86-B8639 | 1986 | Yunnan, China | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | DQ404065 | DQ404133 |
| YN86-86266 | 1986 | Yunnan, China | NA | 1 | DQ404066 | DQ404134 |
| ThCMAr4492 | 1992 | Chiang Mai, Thailand | mosquito | 1 | D45360 | D45362 |
| ThCMAr6793 | 1993 | Chiang Mai, Thailand | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | D45361 | D45363 |
| LaVS56 | 1993 | Vientiane, Lao PDR | Swine serum | 1 | GQ850124* | GU815346* |
| LaVS145 | 1993 | Vientiane, Lao PDR | Swine serum | 1 | GQ850123* | GU815345* |
| K94P05 | 1994 | Korea | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | AF045551 | AF045551 |
| Ishikawa | 1997 | Ishikawa, Japan | Swine mononuclear cell | 1 | AB051292 | AB051292 |
| Okinawa/1 | 1998 | Okinawa, Japan | Wild boar | 1 | NA | AB306941 |
| KV1899 | 1999 | Korea | NA | 1 | AY316157 | AY316157 |
| TS00 | 2000 | Australia | Swine serum | 1 | AF289814 | EF434785 |
| SH-53 | 2001 | Shanghai, China | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | AY555746 | AY555757 |
| VN88 | 2001 | Vietnam | Swine blood | 1 | NA | AY376464 |
| LN02-102 | 2002 | Liaoning, China | C. modestus | 1 | DQ404018 | DQ404085 |
| Oki 431S | 2002 | Okinawa, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | DQ355361 | DQ355369* |
| MIE-41 | 2002 | Mie, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | NA | AB112709 |
| SIZUOKA-39 | 2002 | Shizuoka, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | NA | AB112704 |
| KAGAWA-27 | 2002 | Kagawa, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | NA | AB112707 |
| Oki 128S | 2003 | Okinawa, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | DQ355362 | DQ355368* |
| Oki 568S | 2003 | Okinawa, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | DQ355363 | DQ355370* |
| Oki 585S | 2003 | Okinawa, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | DQ355364 | DQ355371* |
| Oki 589S | 2003 | Okinawa, Japan | Swine serum | 1 | DQ355365 | DQ355372* |
| JE-NP-R7 | 2003 | Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | DQ084216 | DQ084228 |
| JE-CP-49 | 2004 | Chumphon, Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | DQ084223 | DQ087974 |
| JE-CP-51 | 2004 | Chumphon, Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | DQ084225 | DQ087973 |
| JE-CP-67 | 2004 | Chumphon, Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | DQ084222 | DQ087972 |
| JE-KK-R87 | 2004 | Khon Kaen, Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | DQ084218 | DQ111788 |
| JE-KK-R88 | 2004 | Khon Kaen, Thailand | Swine blood | 1 | DQ084219 | DQ111786 |
| LA-H06-05 | 2005 | Vietnam | mosquitoes | 1 | NA | FJ185153 |
| LA.M-2.3 | 2005 | Vietnam | C. pseudovishnui | 1 | NA | JN574432 |
| JE-CM-1196 | 2005 | Chiang Mai, Thailand | Swine | 1 | DQ356483 | DQ238602 |
| JE-KK-580 | 2005 | Khon Kaen, Thailand | Swine | 1 | DQ356481 | DQ238600 |
| JE-KK-1116 | 2005 | Khon Kaen, Thailand | Swine | 1 | DQ388999 | DQ343290 |
| VNHT/07/2006 | 2006 | Ha Tai, Vietnam | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | NA | AB728498 |
| JaNAr17-07 | 2007 | Nagasaki, Japan | mosquitoes | 1 | NA | FJ185149 |
| GSBY0861 | 2008 | Gansu, China | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | JN381833 | JN381833 |
| 09P141 | 2009 | Oita, Japan | Swine | 1 | NA | GU108335 |
| YN0967 | 2009 | Yunnan, China | C. tritaeniorhynchus | 1 | JF706268 | JF706268 |
| JEV/CNS769 | 2009 | Vientiane, Laos | Human brain | 1 | KC196115 | KC196115 |
NA: not available, *sequenced in this study.