Fe0 dissolution (A), molecular-hydrogen production (B), nitrate consumption (C), nitrite (D) and ammonium (E) production, and lactate consumption (F) in Prolixibacter sp. MIC1-1 cultures and in aseptic controls. All experiments were performed with Fe0 granules as the sole source of electrons. Solid bars, Prolixibacter sp. MIC1-1; open bars, aseptic control. The data points and error bars represent means and standard deviations, respectively (n = 3). The ammonium produced was calculated by subtracting the amount of ammonium initially added from the amount of ammonium detected at the end of the experiment.