Table 1.
Growth factor receptor antagonists consistently activated FOXO3a in sensitive breast cancer cells
| First author (Year) | Treatment | Effect on FOXO3a (Activates/Inactivates) | Cellular effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hegde (2007) [22] | Lapatinib | Activates in responsive cell lines; measured as Thr32 P-FOXO3a and by microarray, BT474 and SKBr3. No effect in resistant cell lines; MDA-MB-468 and T47D. | Decreased expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase 1, pyruvate kinase and fatty acid synthase expression in BT474 and SKBr3 |
| Growth rate reduced in BT474 and SKBr3 | |||
| Karadedou (2012) [23] | Lapatinib | Activates in BT474 or SKBR3 measured by FOXO3a nuclear translocation. | Decreased expression of VEGF. |
| Real PJ (2005) [20] | Trastuzumab | Activates in MB231 and SUM159, primary breast effusions; measured as nuclear translocation of FOXO3a. | Up-regulation of Bnip1. |
| Increased sensitivity to apoptosis. | |||
| Krol (2007) [19] | Gefitinib | Activates in BT474 and SKBR3, but no effect in gefitinib-resistant lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-453. Measured as Thr32 P-FOXO3a and nuclear translocation analysis. | Cell cycle arrest predominantly at the G(0)-G(1) phase and apoptosis. |
| McGovern (2009) [21] | Gefitinib | Activates in BT474 and SKBR3 but not the gefitinib-resistant lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-453. Measured as nuclear FOXO3a and microarray. | Increase in Bim, p27 kip1 |