Cells within the ductal compartment are highly proliferative in regenerating PdxCre;R26DTRpancreata. (A) Quantification (percent) of proliferating DBA+, amylase+, or insulin+ cells. PHH3, phospho-histone H3. Wild type (WT) is an age-matched adult control pancreas. (B) Pulse-chase BrdU experiments. On day 1 (pulse), the duct-like structures were the main epithelial cells incorporating BrdU. On day 10 (chase), presence of (C) insulin+/BrdU+ cells and (D) amylase+/BrdU+ cells suggested that these cells or their precursors must have been proliferating mmediately after injury. (E) Several amylase+/BrdU+ cells were found within both the small and large duct-like structures, further supporting the hypothesis that the main source of regenerating acinar cells resides in the ducts rather than in proliferating residual Cre− acinar cells. Scale bars = 20 μm.