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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Jul 11;39(4):702–711. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2014.120

Figure 1.

Figure 1

In utero undernutrition is associated with low birth weight, decreased glucose tolerance, decreased weight loss in response to calorie restriction and increased adiposity. A) Weight of the offspring at 1 day of age. Offspring from 7 dams per group were weighed. Student’s t-test, *** = p<0.0001, n=50–87. B) Bi-weekly body weight of offspring. Two way-repeated measures ANOVA, not significant, n=34. C) Blood glucose concentrations before and for 2 h after oral glucose administration (2 mg/g body weight). Oral glucose tolerance test was performed at age 10 wk. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test, * = p<0.05, n=6–8. D) Change in bodyweight on a 40% calorie restricted diet started at 10 wk of age. Values are presented as percent of body weight prior to caloric restriction. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test, * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.01, *** = p<0.001, n=11. E and F) Increased adiposity in 14 wk old offspring fed ad libitum (L) and after a 4 week 40% calorie restriction (R). Quantification of adipose tissue volume from spin-echo MR images with volume segmentation for total adipose tissue, n=4–5 (E), and amount of gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) expressed as a percentage of total body weight (F), n=8. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test, ** = p<0.01, *** = p<0.001, # = p<0.05 (C vs. U), ### = p<0.001 (C vs. U), + = p<0.05 (L vs. R), ++ = p<0.01 (L vs. R). Black = C (control offspring), white = U (in utero undernourished offspring). Values are mean ± SEM.