Figure 4.

Summary of autosis inducers, mediators, and known pathophysiological contexts. Autosis is a novel form of autophagy-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death, which is induced by autophagy-inducing peptides, starvation, and hypoxia-ischemia. This process requires the core autophagy machinery and Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase. Thus far, it is known to contribute to cerebral infarct size in rodent neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Cardiac glycosides, antagonists of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase, inhibit autosis induced by peptides, starvation, and hypoxia-ischemia, and reduce cerebral infarct size in rodent neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia