Table 2.
Relative risks (odds ratios) of putative risk factors for ischemic colitis among 445 Olmsted County, Minnesota residents diagnosed with ischemic colitis between 1976 and 2009 (cases) and 890 residents without ischemic colitis (controls).
| Co-Morbidities | Overall Prevalence in Cases, n (%) | Overall Prevalence in Controls, n (%) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | 266 (60) | 390 (44) | 2.1 (1.6,2.7) |
| Coronary artery disease | 138 (31) | 141 (16) | 2.6 (2.0,3.5) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 85 (19) | 38 (4) | 7.9 (4.7,13.2) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 91 (20) | 70 (8) | 3.2 (2.3,4.6) |
| Hypotensive episode past month | 82 (18) | 5 (1) | 33.0 (13.3,80.9) |
| Congestive heart failure | 70 (16) | 43 (5) | 4.1 (2.6,6.3) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 146 (33) | 358 (40) | 0.7 (0.5,0.9) |
| Current smoking | 79 (18) | 94 (11) | 1.9 (1.3,2.7) |
| Ever smoking (current plus former) | 240 (55) | 412 (47) | 1.4 (1.1,1.8) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 77 (17) | 90 (10) | 2.0 (1.4,2.8) |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 33 (7) | 49 (6) | 1.4 (0.9,2.3) |
| History of thromboembolism | 29 (6) | 31 (3) | 1.9 (1.2,3.3) |
| Aortic aneurysm or coronary bypass surgery | 33 (7) | 29 (3) | 2.5 (1.5,4.2) |
| Collagen vascular disease | 12 (3) | 3 (0.3) | 8.0 (2.2,28.3) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 67 (15) | 30 (5) | 3.1 (1.8,5.2) |
| Obesity (BMI >30) | 89 (26) | 242 (28) | 0.9 (0.6,1.3) |
| Medication Use (Past 30 Days) | |||
| Diuretics | 160 (36) | 235 (26) | 1.6 (1.2,2.1) |
| Digoxin | 40 (9) | 26 (3) | 3.6 (2.1,6.2) |
| NSAIDs | 68 (15) | 154 (17) | 0.9 (0.6,1.2) |
| Estrogen replacement † | 46 (15) | 90 (15) | 1.0 (0.7,1.5) |
| Psychotropic medications | 10 (2) | 6 (1) | 3.7 (1.3,11.0) |
| Oral contraceptives † | 9 (3) | 25 (4) | 0.7 (0.3,1.5) |
| Pseudoephedrine | 4 (1) | 7 (1) | 1.1 (0.3,3.9) |
| Migraine medications | 7 (2) | 6 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.8,6.9) |
| Gold | 0 | 0 | - |
*
Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval using conditional logistic regression (which accounts for the matching) including only birth date as a covariate.
†
Among the 297 female ischemic colitis patients and their corresponding controls (6 males did receive estrogen therapy[2 ischemic colitis patients and 4 controls] but are not included in the analysis).