Table 14.
Detailed comparison of all 30 studies. O-Ind: Orientation Independence; Pos-Ind: Position Independence.
| Study | Activities | Classifiers | Platform | Sensors | Sampling Rate (Hz) | Battery Analysis | RAM Analysis | CPU Analysis | O-Ind | Pos-Ind Training | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [38] | A1, A2, A3, A5 | Decision tree | Symbian | A | NA | yes | yes | yes | no | no | offline |
| [41] | A1, A5, A8, A9, A10 | Decision tree | Symbian, Android | A, GPS | 32 | no | no | no | no | NA | offline |
| [42] | A1, A5, A8, A11 | Decision tree | Symbian | A | NA | yes | no | no | no | yes | offline |
| [60] | A1, A2, A3, A6, A9, A16, A17, phone in hand, typing text messages talking on phone | Fuzzy classification | Debian Linux | A | 100 | no | no | yes | yes | yes | offline |
| [51] | A1, A5, A6, A7, A12, A17, Idle | KNN classifier | Android | A | 125 | no | no | no | yes | no | offline |
| [36] | A1, A5, A8, A9, A11 | Decision tree | Symbian, iOS | A | 32 | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | offline |
| [32] | A1, A5, A8, A9, A11 | Decision tree + DHMM | Symbian | A, GPS | 32 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | offline |
| [45] | A1, A4, A5, A12 | SVM | Android | A | NA | no | no | no | no | no | online |
| [31] | A1, A5, A8, A10 | Naive Bayes | Android | A | NA | yes | yes | yes | no | no | offline |
| [54] | A1, A2, A3, A5, A6 | Naive Bayes | Android | A | 20 | no | no | no | no | no | offline |
| [55] | Different physical activities | Naive Bayes | Android | A | NA | no | no | no | no | NA | online |
| [59] | A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A9 | Custom classifier | Android | A | 90 | yes | no | no | yes | no | offline |
| [50] | A1, A2, A3, A5 | Naive Bayes, KNN clustered | Android | A | 10, 20, 100 | no | yes | yes | no | no | offline |
| [34] | A1, A3, A5 | Decision tree | Android | A | 50 | yes | no | no | no | NA | offline |
| [35] | A1, A2, A3, A5, A6, A7, A9, A10, A12, A16 (prone, supine) | Hierarchical decision tree | Android | A | 2, 10, 20 | yes | no | no | no | no | online |
| [48] | A1, A5, A15, A16, WD, IR, BT, HD, FTT, BRD, unknown | SVM | Android | A, audio (mic) | 20 (A), 16 k (mic) | no | no | no | no | no | offline |
| [40] | A1, A2, A4, A6, A7 | Decision tree | Android | A | 50 | no | no | no | no | no | online |
| [52] | A1, A2, A3, A5, A9, A10 | KNN, QDA | Symbian, Android | A | 40 | yes | no | yes | yes | no | offline |
| [49] | A1, A1 (power), A4, A8 | SVM | iOS | A | 50 | no | no | no | no | no | offline |
| [43] | A1 (slow), A2, A3 (relax, normal), A7, A13, A14 | Decision tree | Symbian, Android | A | 5, 16, 50, 100 | yes | no | no | no | NA | online |
| [44] | A1, A2, A3, A6, A7, A16 | SVM | Android | A | 50 | yes | no | no | no | no | online |
| [33] | A1, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10 | Decision tree | Android | A | 8 | no | no | no | yes | yes | offline |
| [58] | A1, A2, A5, A6, A7, A12 | PNN | Android | A | 20 | no | no | no | no | yes | offline |
| [47] | A1, A5, A6, A7, A8 | Hierarchical SVM | Android | A,G,M | 50 | no | no | no | no | no | offline |
| [37] | A1 (slow, normal, rush), A2, A3, A5 | Decision tree, naive Bayes, decision table | Android | A, M, G, LA, gravity | At least 6.25 | no | yes | no | no | yes | offline |
| [39] | A1, A2, A3, A5, A9, A10, A17 | Decision tree | Symbian, Android | A | 40 | no | no | yes | yes | yes | offline |
| [53] | A1, A2, A3, A5, A12, A16 | KNN | iOS | A | 50 | no | no | no | yes | yes | offline |
| [56] | A1, A4, A6, A7, A9 | SVM + K-medoids clustering | Android | A | 32 | yes | yes | no | no | no | offline |
| [57] | A1, A4, A6, A7, A8, A9, A13, A14 | Decision tree + PNN | Android | A,M | 50 | no | no | no | no | NA | offline |
| [46] | A1, A5, A1/A5 on treadmill, A6, A7, A9, A10, A11, A12, A13, A14, A15, idle (A2/A3), watching TV | SVM | Android | A, Pressure (ps), audio (mic) | 50 (A, PS), 800 (Mic) | no | no | no | no | yes | offline |
Activities: walking, A1; standing, A2; sitting, A3; jogging, A4; running, A5; walking upstairs, A6; walking downstairs, A7; still, A8; biking, A9; driving a car, A10; in vehicle, A11; jumping, A12; using elevator up, A13; using elevator down, A14; vacuuming, A15; laying, A16; phone on table/detached, A17; washing dishes, WD; ironing, IR; brushing teeth, BT; hair drying, HD; flushing the toilet, FTT; boarding, BD; unknown.