Table 3.
Unadjusted model: SP a -IPTp b doses (categorical variables) associated with outcomes of interest
| Unadjusted model | IPTp <2 vs ≥ 2 SP doses n, PR c (95% CI d ) | IPTp <3 vs ≥3 SP doses n, PR (95% CI) | IPTp 2 vs ≥3 SP doses n, PR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placental infectione | |||
| All gravidity | 435, 0.78 (0.61-0.99) | 435, 0.80 (0.61-1.06) | 286, 0.89 (0.64-1.23) |
| Paucigravid | 218, 0.67 (0.51-0.88) | 218, 0.80 (0.57-1.12) | 147, 0.98 (0.66-1.47) |
| Multigravid | 214, 0.93 (0.60-1.44) | 214, 0.81 (0.50-1.30) | 137, 0.79 (0.46-1.36) |
| Low birth weight (<2,500 g) | |||
| All gravidity | 435, 0.41 (0.22-0.79) | 435, 0.35 (0.14-0.88) | 286, 0.49 (0.17-1.41) |
| Paucigravid | 218, 0.27 (0.09-0.77) | 218, 0.36 (0.08-1.56) | 147, 0.75 (0.13-4.38) |
| Multigravid | 214, 0.51 (0.21-1.19) | 214, 0.23 (0.05-0.96) | 137, 0.25 (0.05-1.16) |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) | |||
| All gravidity | 429, 0.51 (0.32-0.81) | 429, 0.40 (0.21-0.77) | 281, 0.50 (0.24-1.02) |
| Paucigravid | 216, 0.81 (0.43-1.51) | 216, 0.64 (0.31-1.34) | 146, 0.66 (0.29-1.47) |
| Multigravid | 210, 0.26 (0.12-0.56) | 210, 0.16 (0.04-0.67) | 133, 0.29 (0.06-1.39) |
| Small for gestational age | |||
| All gravidity | 428, 0.95 (0.62-1.45) | 428, 0.83 (0.53-1.30) | 281, 0.81 (0.48-1.35) |
| Paucigravid | 216, 1.11 (0.62-1.99) | 216, 0.94 (0.53-1.69) | 146, 0.88 (0.46-1.67) |
| Multigravid | 209, 0.79 (0.41-1.52) | 209, 0.68 (0.32-1.43) | 133, 0.70 (0.29-1.66) |
| Composite birth outcomef | |||
| All gravidity | 435, 0.74 (0.56-0.98) | 435, 0.64 (0.45-0.90) | 286, 0.69 (0.47-1.01) |
| Paucigravid | 218, 0.99 (0.67-1.45) | 218, 0.82 (0.55-1.25) | 147, 0.79 (0.50-1.25) |
| Multigravid | 214, 0.50 (0.32-0.79) | 214, 0.43 (0.23-0.80) | 137, 0.55 (0.27-1.12) |
| Anemia (Hb <11 g/dl) | |||
| All gravidity | 434, 0.89 (0.70-1.13) | 434, 0.87 (0.67-1.13) | 285, 0.90 (0.67-1.22) |
| Paucigravid | 217, 0.75 (0.55-1.03) | 217, 0.72 (0.49-1.06) | 146, 0.79 (0.51-1.22) |
| Multigravid | 214, 1.06 (0.74-1.53) | 214, 1.08 (0.75-1.54) | 137, 1.06 (0.69-1.62) |
| Any infectiong | |||
| All gravidity | 435, 0.78 (0.61-0.99) | 435, 0.79 (0.60-1.04) | 286, 0.87 (0.64-1.20) |
| Paucigravid | 218, 0.66 (0.50-0.86) | 218, 0.80 (0.57-1.10) | 147, 0.99 (0.67-1.46) |
| Multigravid | 214, 0.95 (0.62-1.47) | 214, 0.79 (0.49-1.26) | 137, 0.75 (0.44-1.28) |
aSP = sulphadoxine pyrimethamine.
bIPTp = intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy.
cPR = prevalence ratio.
dDenotes 95% confidence interval.
ePlacental infection outcome: classes 1–4 vs class 5.
fComposite birth outcome defined as infants born with any of: LBW, SGA, or preterm.
gAny infection defined as: pathology classes 1–4, blood smear positive (maternal, placental or cord blood).