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. 2015 Feb 7;14:18. doi: 10.1186/s12933-015-0177-4

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© Shi et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Identification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in primary cultures. (A) Primary cultures of VSMCs (phase contrast). (B) Nuclear staining with DAPI (fluorescence) (C) α-smooth muscle actin staining, a marker of VSMCs (immunofluorescence). (D) Co-staining of nuclei and α-smooth muscle actin (fluorescence/immunofluorescence). All images are displayed at 200× magnification.