Table 3.
Birth outcomes and malaria at delivery by Plasmodium falciparum malaria at prenatal care, 2006–2009a
| Malaria statusb | Mean or No. | Adjusted meanc | Mean difference or adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval)c,d | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age, wk | |||||
| Positive (n=43) | 38.8 ± 1.8 | 38.8 | −0.6 (−1.2 to 0.9) | 0.8 | |
| Negative (n=388) | 38.9 ± 3.2 | 38.9 | |||
| Birth weight, g | |||||
| Positive (n=43) | 3027 ± 368 | 3072 | −5 (−131 to 121) | 0.9 | |
| Negative (n=422) | 3039 ± 408 | 3077 | |||
| Infant length, cm | |||||
| Positive (n=43) | 48.9 ± 1.8 | 49.0 | 0.2 (−0.9 to 1.2) | 0.7 | |
| Negative (n=417) | 48.8 ± 3.7 | 48.8 | |||
| Head circumference, cm | |||||
| Positive (n=43) | 34.4 ± 1.8 | 34.5 | 0.05 (−0.7 to 0.8) | 0.9 | |
| Negative (n=417) | 34.3 ± 2.6 | 34.4 | |||
| Ponderal index <2.32 kg/cm3 | |||||
| Positive (n=43) | 7 (16.3) | 0.96 (0.47–1.95) | 0.9 | ||
| Negative (n=422) | 69 (16.4) | 1.0 | |||
| Cord hemoglobin <12.5 g/dL | |||||
| Positive (n=42) | 8 (19.5) | 1.15 (0.57–2.21) | 0.7 | ||
| Negative (n=365) | 62 (17.0) | 1.0 | |||
| Malaria at deliverye | |||||
| Positive (n=42) | 7 (16.7) | 2.1 (1.0–4.4) | 0.05 | ||
| Negative (n=365) | 29 (7.9) | 1.0 |
a
Values are given as mean ± SD or number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
b
P. falciparum malaria at prenatal care visit.
c
Mean and mean difference from linear regression model, adjusted for primigravida status.
d
Risk ratio and 95% confidence interval from log binomial risk model, adjusted for primigravida status.
e
P. falciparum malaria at delivery defined as cord, placenta, or peripheral, determined by polymerase chain reaction.