Table 1.
Reviewed cost-effectiveness studies on antibacterial agents
| Year | Comparator | Disease | Outcome measure | Uncertainty analysis | Cost-effective? | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linezolid | ||||||
| 2001 | Flucloxacillin or vancomycin | Cellulitis | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way | Yes | 55 |
| 2003 | Oxacillin or vancomycin | Cellulitis | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way | Yes | 47 |
| 2004 | Vancomycin | Pneumonia | Cost per QALY gained | 1-way, two-way, PSA | Yes | 43 |
| 2005 | Vancomycin | Pneumonia | Cost per QALY gained | Scenario | Yes | 49 |
| 2005 | Teicoplanin | Gram-positive bacteraemia | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 30 |
| 2005 | Vancomycin | MRSA pneumonia | Cost per extra cure/success | No | Unsure | 36 |
| 2006 | Vancomycin | MRSA pneumonia | Cost per life saved | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 37 |
| 2007 | Teicoplanin | Gram-positive infections | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way | Yes | 29 |
| 2007 | Vancomycin | MRSA surgical site infections | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way, threshold | Yes | 40 |
| 2008 | OPAT | Skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | No | Yes | 44 |
| 2009 | Vancomycin | MRSA skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way, PSA | Unsure | 23 |
| 2009 | Vancomycin | MRSA pneumonia | Cost per life-year gained | 1-way, 2-way | Yes | 27 |
| 2009 | Vancomycin | MRSA skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | Scenario, 1-way, 2-way | Yes | 28 |
| 2009 | Vancomycin | Skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 42 |
| 2014 | Vancomycin | MRSA pneumonia | Cost per extra cure/success | Scenario | Yes | 54 |
| Daptomycin | ||||||
| 2007 | Vancomycin | Skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | No | Yes | 26 |
| 2009 | Vancomycin–gentamicin | MRSA bacteremia/endocarditis | Cost per extra cure/success | Scenario | Unsure | 22 |
| Linezolid & Daptomycin | ||||||
| 2011 | Vancomycin | MRSA skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | Scenario, 1-way, PSA | Yes | 24 |
| 2012 | TMP/SMX | MRSA infections | Cost savings | No | No | 25 |
| 2014 | Vancomycin or β-lactam | Enterococcal bacteremia | Cost per QALY gained | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 52 |
| Telithromycin | ||||||
| 2004 | Clarithromycin | Pneumonia | Cost savings | Subgroup analysis | Yes | 38 |
| 2004 | Clarithromycin | Pneumonia | Cost savings | No | Unsure | 39 |
| 2004 | Clarithromycin | Pneumonia | Cost savings | No | Unsure | 46 |
| 2008 | Several comparatorsa | Pneumonia | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way | No | 41 |
| Ertapenem | ||||||
| 2008 | Cefotetan | Prophylaxis before surgery | Cost per failure avoided | No | Yes | 57 |
| 2009 | Piperacillin/tazobactam | Intra-abdominal infections | Cost per QALY gained | Scenario, 1-way, PSA | Yes | 32 |
| 2009 | Piperacillin/tazobactam | Diabetic foot infections | Cost per QALY gained | Scenario, PSA | Yes | 33 |
| 2014 | Ceftriaxone | Pneumonia | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 50 |
| Gemifloxacin | ||||||
| 2002 | Clarithromycin | Exacerbations of chronic bronchitis | Cost per extra cure/success | Scenario, PSA | Yes | 31 |
| 2008 | Ceftriaxone/cefuroxime | Pneumonia | Cost per extra cure/success | No | Unsure | 21 |
| Doripenem | ||||||
| 2010 | Imipenem | Pneumonia | Cost savings | 1-way | Yes | 34 |
| 2010 | Imipenem | Pneumonia | Cost savings | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 53 |
| 2010 | Imipenem-cilastatin | Pneumonia | Cost per QALY gained | Scenario, 1-way, 2-way, PSA | Yes | 48 |
| Telavancin | ||||||
| 2008 | Vancomycin | Skin infections | Cost per extra cure/success | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 35 |
| Fidaxomicin | ||||||
| 2013 | Vancomycin or metronidazole | Clostridium difficile infection | Cost per QALY gained | 1-way, two-way, PSA | No | 58 |
| 2013 | Vancomycin | Clostridium difficile infection | Cost per QALY gained | 1-way, PSA | Yes | 45 |
| 2014 | Vancomycin, metronidazole or FMT | Recurrent clostridium difficile infection | Cost per QALY gained | 1-way, two-way, PSA | No | 51 |
| 2014 | Vancomycin | Clostridium difficile infection | Cost per recurrence avoided | 1-way | Unsure | 56 |
OPAT, Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy; TMP/SMX, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; PSA, probabilistic sensitivity analysis; FMT, faecal microbiota transplant; QALY, quality-adjusted life-years.
a
Moxifloxacin, amoxicillin or clarithromycin.