Table 3.
Summary of Brain Regions Showing Consistent Increases in Activation During Mental States and Methodological Manipulations
| Variable | Area | |
|---|---|---|
| Mode | Experience of emotion | R. lOFC |
| Perception of emotion | DMPFC/dACC | |
| R. hippocampus | ||
| L. VLPFC | ||
| R. peristriate | ||
| R. occipitotemporal | ||
| Affect | High arousal emotions | R. amygdala |
| R. lOFC | ||
| PAG | ||
| Unpleasant emotions | L. peristriate | |
| Emotion | Anger experience | L a. ins.* |
| L. a. ins. | ||
| L. lOFC | ||
| L. VLPFC | ||
| L. ATL | ||
| Anger perception | L. VLFPC* | |
| R. entorhinal cortex | ||
| R. DLPFC | ||
| R. parastriate | ||
| R. occipitotemporal | ||
| R. supplementary motor area | ||
| Disgust experience | L. amygdala* | |
| R. amygdala | ||
| L. entorhinal cortex | ||
| R. lOFC | ||
| L. occipitotemporal* | ||
| Disgust perception | R. lOFC* | |
| R. a. ins | ||
| aMCC | ||
| L. VLPFC | ||
| R. VLPFC* | ||
| R. peristriate | ||
| R. occipitotemporal | ||
| Fear experience | PAG | |
| R. peristriate | ||
| R. parastriate | ||
| R. occipitotemporal* | ||
| L. middle temporal | ||
| Fear perception | L. amygdala | |
| L. entorhinal cortex | ||
| R. entorhinal cortex | ||
| L. hippocampus | ||
| R. middle temporal | ||
| Happiness experience | L. peristriate | |
| Sadness experience | L. entorhinal cortex | |
| DMPFC | ||
| R. middle temporal | ||
| R. putamen | ||
| PAG | ||
| Method Types | Recall | pACC |
| DMPFC/aMCC | ||
| Auditory | R. lOFC | |
| R. VLPFC | ||
| R. ATL | ||
| Imagery | R. occipitotemporal | |
| R. middle temporal | ||
| Visual | R. peristriate | |
| L. occipitotemporal | ||
| Stimuli | Pictures | L. lOFC |
| R. peristriate | ||
| R. occipitotemporal | ||
| Faces | L. VLPFC | |
| Films | DMPFC/aMCC | |
| L. peristriate | ||
| R. occipitotemporal | ||
| R. middle temporal | ||
| Other Psychological Variables | Evaluation of feelings | R. a. ins |
| sACC | ||
| Evaluation of stimulus | R. ATL | |
| R. DLPFC | ||
| PAG | ||
| L. peristriate | ||
| L. occipitotemporal | ||
| Foregrounded affect | L. VLPFC | |
| L. peristriate | ||
| Cognitive load | sACC | |
| aMCC | ||
Mental states include states related to experiencing versus perceiving discrete emotions, the experience and perception of affect, the experience or perception of individual discrete emotion categories, and mental states related to method types, stimulus types and other psychological variables. Brain regions consistently associated with mental states in the χ2 analyses and logistic regressions are listed. Mental state-brain associations observed in the χ2 analyses are printed in regular font. Logistic regression findings are in bold face font. Mental state-brain region associations observed in both types of analyses are marked with an asterisk (*).