Table 5.
Concentrations of metals in Herring Gull eggs collected in 2012 and 2013 from New York
| Location | 2012 Mean ± SE |
2013 Mean ± SE |
χ2 | Increase/decrease/no change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Brother | ||||
| Arsenic | 81.1 ± 17.3 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 13.2 (0.0003) | Decrease |
| Cadmium | 3.8 ± 1.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 3.0 (0.08) | No change |
| Chromium | 67.4 ± 15.3 | 15.4 ± 4.1 | 9.1 (0.003) | Decrease |
| Lead | 50 ± 39.0 | 225 ± 92.6 | 5.1 (0.02) | Increase |
| Mercury | 794 ± 74.9 | 364 ± 149 | 5.6 (0.02) | Decrease |
| Selenium | 1742 ± 132 | 1377 ± 134 | 4.1 (0.04) | Decrease |
| Mill Rock | ||||
| Arsenic | 20.7 ± 12.0 | 56.3 ± 14.6 | 3.7 (0.06) | No change |
| Cadmium | 5.5 ± 1.9 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 8.9 (0.003) | Decrease |
| Chromium | 113 ± 35.7 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | 14.3 (0.0002) | Decrease |
| Lead | 40.3 ± 23.9 | 451 ± 95.4 | 12.7 (0.0004) | Increase |
| Mercury | 1420 ± 236 | 218 ± 62.8 | 14.3 (0.0002) | Decrease |
| Selenium | 2360 ± 124 | 1374 ± 130 | 12.7 (0.0004) | Decrease |
| Hoffman | ||||
| Arsenic | 143 ± 50.1 | 57.4 ± 18.4 | NS | No change |
| Cadmium | 7.3 ± 1.6 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 13.2 (0.0003) | Decrease |
| Chromium | 95.6 ± 34.9 | 40.5 ± 15.4 | 4.0 (0.05) | Decrease |
| Lead | 162 ± 57.5 | 244 ± 62.1 | NS | No change |
| Mercury | 474 ± 80.7 | 140 ± 18.6 | 11.1 (0.0009) | Decrease |
| Selenium | 1720 ± 97.5 | 1257 ± 85.6 | 7.0 (0.008) | Decrease |
| Swinburne | ||||
| Arsenic | 20.0 ± 13.3 | 60.6 ± 15.1 | 4.4 (0.04) | Increase |
| Cadmium | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 9.6 (0.002) | Decrease |
| Chromium | 26.0 ± 4.3 | 5.1 ± 1.9 | 11.1 (0.0009) | Decrease |
| Lead | 245 ± 152 | 236 ± 36.8 | 4.2 (0.04) | Decrease |
| Mercury | 237 ± 38.6 | 299 ± 59.9 | NS | No change |
| Selenium | 1630 ± 84.4 | 1540 ± 71.8 | NS | No change |
| Litte Egg | ||||
| Arsenic | 24.2 ± 16.7 | 74.1 ± 17.1 | 5.7 (0.02) | Increase |
| Cadmium | 7.8 ± 1.6 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 12.6 (0.0004) | Decrease |
| Chromium | 122 ± 24.6 | 15.6 ± 3.4 | 12.9 (0.0003) | Decrease |
| Lead | 186 ± 136.1 | 66.1 ± 17.7 | NS | No change |
| Mercury | 615 ± 159.1 | 124 ± 15.0 | 9.1 (0.003) | Decrease |
| Selenium | 1652 ± 128.0 | 1068 ± 69.6 | 8.8 (0.003) | Decrease |
Given are mean ± SE. Comparisons are made with Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance, yielding an χ2 statistic. All values are in ng/g (ppb dry weight.)
NS not significant