Table 1.

Quantitative analysis of callose (β-1, 3-glucan) deposition at plasmodesmata (PD) in healthy ‘Border Dark Red’, and Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd)-infected ‘Border Dark Red’ and ‘Yellow Empire’.

	Number of gold particles per PD*
	Healthy ‘Border Dark Red’	CSVd-infected ‘Border Dark Red’	CSVd-infected ‘Yellow Empire’
Zone 1	0.6 ± 0.1 Aa	4.0 ± 0.6 Ab	0.9 ± 0.2 Aa
Zone 2	0.5 ± 0.1 Aa	4.7 ± 0.9 Ab	0.6 ± 0.2 Aa
Zone 3	0.3 ± 0.1 Aa	1.1 ± 0.2 Ba	0.7 ± 0.2 Aa

Zone 1 contains the first four cell layers in the meristem; zone 2 the 5–20^th cell layer;zone 3 the cells lower than the 20^th cell layer in the apical dome (AD) of ‘Border Dark Red’ and ‘Yellow Empire’. Data with different upper case letters (A,B) in the same column indicate a significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 by the Student’s t-test (n = 30). Data with different lower case letters (a,b) in the same row indicate a significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 by the Student’s t-test (n = 30). *Values are means ± SE.