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. 2015 Feb 16;6:62. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00062

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Copyright © 2015 Calvo and Cary.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Production of sclerotia and aflatoxins in A. flavus CA14 ΔnsdC and ΔnsdD mutants. (A) Surface of colonies demonstrating sclerotial production after 14 days growth in the dark. Sclerotia were absent in the ΔnsdC and ΔnsdD mutants and were produced in the wild-type CA14 (dark structures). (B) TLC analysis of aflatoxin production from the wild-type CA14, ΔnsdC, and ΔnsdD mutants. Extracts (5 ul) were spotted onto 250 um silica gel TLC plates and metabolites were separated in ethyl acetate: methanol: water (40:1:1). Aflatoxin standards were also spotted on the plate. Adapted and modified from Cary et al. (2012).