Table 5.

Neighborhood Factors Associated with Smoking among Males and Females (95%CI in parenthesis)

	Baltimore aOR (aCIs) n=435	Delhi aOR (aCIs) n=496	Ibadan aOR (aCIs) n=432	Johannesburg aOR (aCIs) n=490	Shanghai aOR (aCIs) n=431
Neighborhood Factors
Physical Environment	0.81	1.28	0.80	0.87	1.09
	(0.64 - 1.01)	(0.72 - 2.29)	(0.47 - 1.37)	(0.73 - 1.05)	(0.73 - 1.62)
Perceived Lack of Safety	1.03	1.39	1.40	1.14	1.90**
	(0.73 - 1.45)	(0.86 - 2.24)	(0.62 - 3.14)	(0.82 - 1.57)	(1.31 - 2.75)
Social Cohesion	0.91	0.84	0.66	0.77	0.69**
	(0.81 - 1.03)	(0.66 - 1.07)	(0.34 - 1.29)	(0.56 - 1.06)	(0.59 - 0.82)
Perceived Fear	1.01	0.71	1.31	0 69***	1.09
	(0.82 - 1.25)	(0.45 - 1.11)	(0.84 - 2.06)	(0.59 - 0.81)	(0.85 - 1.4)
Fear Behaviors	1.57	0.90	1.01	1.05	0.86
	(0.94 - 2.62)	(0.48 - 1.7)	(0.8 - 1.27)	(0.89 - 1.24)	(0.73 - 1.03)
Witnessing Community Violence	1.16	1.73**	1.20	1.76**	1.18
	(0.87 - 1.56)	(1.3 - 2.32)	(0.81 - 1.77)	(1.18 - 2.64)	(0.73 - 1.9)

^***p<0.001

^**p<0.01

*p<0.05

^{^}Adjusted for age, gender, relative wealth, education, family structure, and whether respondents were unstably housed