Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants (N=573), 48‐Hour Moving Average of PM2.5, and Averaged Methylation Across CpG Positions in the Promoter Region of TLR2 Gene
| Characteristics | N (%) | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (μg/m3) | TLR2 Methylation (%5mC) | ||
| Age, y | |||
| 55 to 69 | 176 (30.7) | 11.4 (5.2) | 2.9 (1.3) |
| 70 to 79 | 293 (51.1) | 11.7 (6.4) | 3.1 (1.3) |
| 80 to 89 | 97 (16.9) | 10.6 (6.1) | 2.9 (1.1) |
| >90 | 7 (1.2) | 13.0 (5.0) | 3.4 (1.0) |
| Physical activity, MET‐h/wk | |||
| <12 | 371 (64.8) | 11.4 (6.3) | 2.93 (1.2) |
| 12 to <30 | 114 (19.9) | 11.3 (5.3) | 3.14 (1.4) |
| ≥30 | 88 (15.4) | 11.7 (5.5) | 3.08 (1.2) |
| Alcohol (drinks/d) | |||
| ≥2 | 106 (18.5) | 11.6 (6.7) | 2.9 (1.1) |
| <2 | 467 (81.5) | 11.4 (5.8) | 3.0 (1.2) |
| Diabetes | |||
| Yes | 111 (19.4) | 11.0 (6.0) | 2.9 (1.0) |
| No | 462 (80.6) | 11.5 (6.0) | 3.0 (1.3) |
| Race | |||
| White | 549 (95.8) | 11.4 (5.9) | 3.0 (1.3) |
| Nonwhite | 24 (4.2) | 11.6 (7.7) | 2.8 (0.9) |
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 405 (70.7) | 11.3 (6.0) | 3.0 (1.3) |
| No | 168 (29.3) | 11.8 (6.0) | 2.9 (1.2) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||
| <25 | 123 (21.5) | 12.4 (6.8) | 3.0 (1.2) |
| ≥25 | 450 (78.5) | 11.2 (5.7) | 3.0 (1.3) |
| Smoking | |||
| Never | 166 (29.0) | 11.7 (6.0) | 3.1 (1.4) |
| Current | 26 (4.5) | 10.9 (3.8) | 3.3 (1.1) |
| Former | 381 (66.5) | 11.4 (6.1) | 2.9 (1.2) |
| Annual income >$60 000 | |||
| Yes | 272 (47.5) | 11.0 (5.4) | 3.1 (1.3) |
| No | 301 (52.5) | 11.8 (6.5) | 2.9 (1.2) |
BMI indicates body mass index; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; PM2.5, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm; TLR2, Toll‐like receptor 2.