Table 1.
Symptoms, radiological findings and differential diagnosis of the main IMTs of the body
| Symptoms | Imaging findings | Differential diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Orbit | Pain, redness, oedema, proptosis, ptosis, oculomotor deficits, diplopia, swelling, mass-effect | Solid and heterogeneous enhancing. Low intensity on T2-weighted due to fibrotic composition. Associated retrobulbar fat or oedema | Granulomatous diseases, primary infection, sarcoid, Sjögren disease, primary and secondary tumours of the orbit, lymphoma and connective tissue diseases |
| Lung | Cough, chest pain, dyspnea, haemoptysis, fever, malaise and weight loss. | Solitary, well-circumscribed, peripheral, predominance for the lower lobes, unusual calcifications. Heterogeneous or homogeneous enhancement pattern. Low intensity on T2-weighted images | Malignant lung masses: primary bronchogenic carcinoma |
| Scrotum | Lump in the scrotum | Solid and heterogeneous masses with internal vascularity on US. Well-defined, hypodense, little enhancement on CT. Small calcifications can be associated | Scrotum primary neoplasm |
| Hepatic | Unspecific, depending on the size | Heterogeneous or peripheral enhancement during the arterial phase. Or homogeneous enhancement during the arterial phase and washout during the delayed phase on CT. T1 hypointense and T2 hyperintense with heterogeneous enhancement | HCC |
| Splenic | Left upper quadrant or epigastric pain | Low-density pattern. Low-intensity on the T1- and T2-weighted images. Low-intensity lesion in the early phase after gadolinium injection and high-intensity in the delayed phase | Splenic haemangioma and other primary splenic neoplasms as lymphoma or splenic angiosarcoma |
| Grastrointestinal tract and mesentery | Abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, dysphagia, anaemia | Hypodense, heterogeneous, well-delimited | GIST, inflammatory fibroid polyp, smooth muscle neoplasm, peripheral nerve sheath tumour, solitary fibrous tumour, fibromatosis, the follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, lymphoma and adenocarcinoma |
| Musculoskeletal | Pain, oedema | Non-homogeneous, solid | Malignant lesions: rabdomyosarcoma |