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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn. 2014 Jan;40(1):12–21. doi: 10.1037/xan0000010

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Design of Experiment 1: Pigeons were given a choice between two alternatives. Choice of one alternative produced either a stimulus (e.g., red) on 20% of the trials that produced 10 pellets or a white vertical line on the remaining 80% of the trials that was followed by 0 pellets (discriminative stimulus/suboptimal alternative). Choice of the other alternative was followed by one of two stimuli (e.g., green or white) each of which yielded 3 pellets (nondiscriminative stimulus/optimal alternative).