TABLE 1—
Characteristics of Hispanic Women Diagnosed With Invasive Cervical Cancer (n = 9219), by Nativity: California Cancer Registry, 1994–2009
| Characteristics | US-Born Hispanic Women (n = 2885), No. (%) or No. (Mean ±SD) | Foreign-Born Hispanic Women (n = 6334), No. (%) or No. (Mean ±SD) | P |
| Age at diagnosis, y | 2885 (44.2 ±14.1) | 6334 (49.2 ±14.0) | <.001 |
| 21–34 | 773 (26.8) | 838 (13.2) | |
| 35–44 | 956 (33.1) | 1915 (30.2) | |
| 45–54 | 568 (19.7) | 1589 (25.1) | |
| 55–64 | 265 (9.2) | 970 (15.3) | |
| ≥ 65 | 323 (11.2) | 1022 (16.1) | <.001 |
| Neighborhood SES, quintiles | |||
| 1 (lowest 20%) | 991 (34.4) | 3265 (51.6) | |
| 2 | 722 (25.0) | 1527 (24.1) | |
| 3 | 554 (19.2) | 833 (13.2) | |
| 4 | 429 (14.9) | 480 (7.6) | |
| 5 (highest 20%) | 189 (6.6) | 229 (3.6) | <.001 |
| Hispanic enclave, quintiles | |||
| 1 (lowest 20%) | 177 (6.4) | 136 (2.2) | |
| 2 | 312 (11.2) | 267 (4.3) | |
| 3 | 518 (18.6) | 563 (9.1) | |
| 4 | 785 (28.2) | 1358 (22.0) | |
| 5 (highest 20%) | 988 (35.5) | 3846 (62.33) | <.001 |
| Combined neighborhood SES and Hispanic enclavea | |||
| High SES–low enclave | 391 (14.1) | 328 (5.3) | |
| High SES–high enclave | 725 (26.1) | 1130 (18.3) | |
| Low SES–low enclave | 98 (3.5) | 75 (1.2) | |
| Low SES–high enclave | 1566 (56.3) | 4637 (75.2) | <.001 |
| Marital status | |||
| Single never married | 825 (28.6) | 1988 (31.4) | |
| Married | 1248 (43.3) | 2848 (45.0) | |
| Separated | 98 (3.4) | 231 (3.7) | |
| Divorced | 384 (13.3) | 346 (5.5) | |
| Widowed | 189 (6.6) | 615 (9.7) | |
| Unknown | 141 (4.9) | 306 (4.8) | <.001 |
| Stage at diagnosis | |||
| 1 | 1567 (54.3) | 3061 (48.3) | |
| 2 | 366 (12.7) | 1051 (16.6) | |
| 3 | 493 (17.1) | 1080 (17.1) | |
| 4 | 283 (9.8) | 597 (9.4) | |
| Unknown | 176 (6.1) | 545 (8.6) | <.001 |
| Surgery | |||
| Yes | 1924 (66.7) | 3699 (58.4) | |
| No | 954 (33.1) | 2604 (41.1) | |
| Unknown | 7 (0.2) | 31 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Combined stage and surgery | |||
| Stage 1, surgery yes | 1420 (52.4) | 2626 (45.4) | |
| Stage 1, surgery no | 147 (5.4) | 435 (7.5) | |
| Stage 2, surgery yes | 122 (4.5) | 304 (5.3) | |
| Stage 2, surgery no | 244 (9.0) | 746 (12.9) | |
| Stage 3, surgery yes | 252 (9.3) | 422 (7.3) | |
| Stage 3, surgery no | 240 (8.9) | 655 (11.3) | |
| Stage 4, surgery yes | 67 (2.5) | 150 (2.6) | |
| Stage 4, surgery no | 216 (8.0) | 447 (7.7) | <.001 |
| Chemotherapy treatment | |||
| Yes | 882 (30.6) | 2174 (34.3) | |
| No | 1961 (68.0) | 4024 (63.5) | |
| Unknown | 42 (1.5) | 136 (2.2) | <.001 |
| Radiation treatment | |||
| Yes | 1352 (46.9) | 3316 (52.4) | |
| No | 1529 (53.0) | 2996 (47.3) | |
| Unknown | <5 (0.1) | 22 (0.4) | <.001 |
| Histology | |||
| Squamous carcinoma | 1999 (69.3) | 4650 (73.4) | |
| Adenocarcinoma | 524 (18.2) | 995 (15.7) | |
| Other | 362 (12.6) | 689 (10.9) | <.001 |
| Grade | |||
| 1 | 243 (8.4) | 504 (8.0) | |
| 2 | 777 (26.9) | 1708 (27.0) | |
| 3 | 885 (30.7) | 1891 (29.9) | |
| 4 | 72 (2.5) | 159 (2.5) | |
| Unknown | 908 (31.4) | 2072 (31.7) | .75 |
| Died of cervical cancer | |||
| Yes | 585 (20.3) | 1171 (18.5) | |
| No | 2300 (79.1) | 5163 (81.5) | .04 |
| Vital status | |||
| Dead | 877 (30.4) | 1944 (30.7) | |
| Alive | 2008 (69.6) | 4390 (69.3) | .78 |
Notes. SES = socioeconomic status. P values based on the χ2 test.
a
Low SES constituted quintiles 1 and 2; high SES constituted quintiles 3, 4, and 5; low enclave constituted quintiles 1, 2, and 3; high enclave constituted quintiles 4 and 5. All neighborhood SES and Hispanic enclave data are at the census block group level.