. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Neurovirol. 2014 Oct 7;20(6):539–560. doi: 10.1007/s13365-014-0285-z

Table 1.

Flavivirus epidemiology, infection, and complications.

Virus	At Risk Individuals	Annually Reported New Infection Cases	Symptoms	Neurologic Disease	Mortality Rate
Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV)	Children-Young Adult (0-15 years old)	35,000-50,000 new cases (in JEV-endemic countries)	Pyrexia, cephalalgia, vomiting neurologic dysfunction, muscle weakness, seizures, loss of motor function	Parkinsonism Flaccid paralysis Coma Acute Encephalitis	~25-30%
Dengue (DENV)	No age distinction	one million cases (globally)	Pyrexia, myalgia, vomiting, cephalalgia, abdominal pain, bleeding, low blood pressure, tachycardia, seizures	Encephalitis	~1-5%
West Nile Virus (WNV)	Adults and immunocompromised persons(≥ 50 years old at greater risk of developing more severe disease and complications)	Ranging from 20-5674 cases annually between 1999-2012 in the U.S; reports of WNV infection and mortality rates reported in Canada and Mexico	Fever, cephalalgia, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, muscle weakness, lower back pain, loss of motor function	Encephalitis, Meningitis	~3-15%