Table 1.
Psychometric Properties of Study Variables.
| n | M | SD | Range
|
Skew | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Potential | Actual | |||||
| Adoptive Mother Harsh Parenting | 463 | 1.72 | 0.58 | 1.00 – 7.00 | 1.00 – 4.57 | 1.12 |
| Adoptive Father Harsh Parenting | 452 | 1.81 | 0.64 | 1.00 – 7.00 | 1.00 – 4.57 | 1.13 |
| Birth Mother Harm Avoidance | 486 | 9.15 | 5.11 | 0 – 20.00 | 0.00 – 20.00 | 0.17 |
| Birth Mother Reward Dependence | 486 | 10.06 | 2.78 | 0 – 15.00 | 2.00 – 15.00 | −0.40 |
| Adoptive Mother Harm Avoidance | 494 | 8.07 | 4.35 | 0 – 20.00 | 0.00 – 20.00 | 0.31 |
| Adoptive Mother Reward Dependence | 495 | 11.73 | 2.53 | 0 – 15.00 | 2.00 – 15.00 | −0.90 |
| Adoptive Father Harm Avoidance | 478 | 5.48 | 4.10 | 0 – 20.00 | 0.00 – 20.00 | 0.81 |
| Adoptive Father Reward Dependence | 478 | 9.57 | 2.93 | 0 – 15.00 | 1.00 – 15.00 | −0.40 |
| Adoptive Parents’ Observed Marital Relationship Quality | 453 | 7.25 | 1.09 | 1.00 – 9.00 | 2.50 – 9.00 | −1.29 |
| Infant Smiling & Laughter | 489 | 5.10 | 0.68 | 1.00 – 6.00 | 2.21 – 6.67 | −0.32 |
| Infant Distress to Novel Stimuli | 475 | 2.48 | 0.55 | 1.00 – 6.00 | 1.00 – 4.32 | 0.48 |
| Infant Distress to Limitations | 490 | 3.17 | 0.62 | 1.00 – 6.00 | 1.13 – 5.24 | 0.16 |
| Obstetric Complications | 503 | 2.18 | 1.29 | 0 – N/A | 0.00 – 6.00 | 0.48 |
| Openness of Adoption | 503 | 0.03 | 0.91 | - | −2.23 – 1.86 | −0.16 |
| Adoptive Mother Age | 498 | 37.80 | 5.43 | - | 24.48 –52.53 | −0.05 |
| Adoptive Father Age | 482 | 38.93 | 5.83 | - | 25.14 – 60.55 | 0.35 |
Notes: There was no upper limit on the measure of Obstetric Complications.
The Openness of Adoption variable was a composite (averaged) score of adoptive mothers’, adoptive fathers’, and birth mothers’ standardized ratings on 1 – 7 rating scales regarding openness.
Potential range is not relevant for adoptive mother and father ages.