Behavioral timelines for experiments 1-4 for all animals. Days are indicated with numbers at the bottom of each timeline. Social defeat is marked with gray bars, the period that mice were undisturbed following defeat or control conditions is marked with white bars, the acquisition phase of the Barnes maze is marked with black bars, the reversal phase of the Barnes maze is marked by dotted line bars, and control conditions are marked with a bar containing circles. Time of sacrifice for experiment 2 is indicated with a white arrow, ß-FNA injections during experiment 3 are marked with black arrows, and morphine injections during experiment 4 are marked with black and white arrows.