Table 3.
Prevalence of alcohol-interactive (AI) prescription medication use by alcohol drinking status (non-drinker, current drinker) and therapeutic medication class, adults aged 20 years and older, United States, 1999–20101
| Medication class | Total (n=26,657) | Non-drinker (n=9,064)2 | Current drinker (n=17,118)2 | P | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||
| N | % | 95% CI | N | % | 95% CI | N | % | 95% CI | ||
| Cardiovascular agents | 8132 | 24.9 | (23.8–26.0) | 3884 | 27.5 | (26.0–29.1) | 4131 | 23.8 | (22.7–25.0) | <.0001 |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme | 2668 | 7.8 | (7.3–8.3) | 1274 | 9.0 | (8.2–9.7) | 1361 | 7.3 | (6.7–7.9) | 0.0002 |
| Angiotensin II inhibitor | 1017 | 3.1 | (2.9–3.4) | 511 | 3.5 | (3.0–4.1) | 497 | 3.0 | (2.6–3.4) | 0.09 |
| Antiadrenergic | 927 | 2.4 | (2.2–2.6) | 443 | 2.8 | (2.4–3.2) | 469 | 2.1 | (1.9–2.4) | 0.006 |
| Antiarrhythmic | 1042 | 3.2 | (3.0–3.5) | 557 | 4.0 | (3.5–4.5) | 464 | 2.7 | (2.4–3.1) | 0.0001 |
| Beta-adrenergic blocking | 2616 | 7.9 | (7.4–8.5) | 1239 | 8.4 | (7.6–9.3) | 1347 | 7.8 | (7.2–8.4) | 0.21 |
| Calcium channel blocking | 1366 | 3.6 | (3.3–3.9) | 717 | 4.1 | (3.7–4.7) | 627 | 3.2 | (2.9–3.6) | 0.0007 |
| Diuretics | 2313 | 6.6 | (6.1–7.1) | 1209 | 7.7 | (7.1–8.5) | 1070 | 5.9 | (5.4–6.5) | <.0001 |
| Central nervous system agents | 4507 | 16.2 | (15.4–17.0) | 2045 | 19.7 | (18.2–21.3) | 2392 | 14.6 | (13.9–15.4) | <.0001 |
| Anticonvulsant | 1066 | 3.8 | (3.5–4.2) | 542 | 5.8 | (5.1–6.5) | 511 | 3.0 | (2.7–3.4) | <.0001 |
| Anxiolytic/sedative/hypnotic | 895 | 3.5 | (3.1–3.9) | 413 | 4.3 | (3.6–5.1) | 472 | 3.2 | (2.8–3.5) | 0.0006 |
| Muscle relaxant | 458 | 1.7 | (1.5–1.9) | 190 | 2.3 | (1.9–2.8) | 263 | 1.5 | (1.3–1.8) | 0.002 |
| Narcotic | 1123 | 4.0 | (3.6–4.4) | 532 | 5.5 | (4.7–6.5) | 574 | 3.3 | (2.9–3.7) | <.0001 |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory | 1086 | 3.8 | (3.4–4.1) | 439 | 4.0 | (3.5–4.7) | 620 | 3.6 | (3.2–4.0) | 0.24 |
| Coagulation modifiers | 587 | 1.6 | (1.4–1.8) | 309 | 2.0 | (1.7–2.3) | 271 | 1.4 | (1.2–1.6) | 0.003 |
| Anticoagulant | 554 | 1.5 | (1.4–1.7) | 290 | 1.8 | (1.6–2.1) | 257 | 1.3 | (1.1–1.6) | 0.005 |
| Gastrointestinal agents | 786 | 2.7 | (2.4–3.0) | 356 | 3.2 | (2.7–3.8) | 416 | 2.4 | (2.2–2.7) | 0.002 |
| H2 antagonist | 616 | 2.0 | (1.8–2.3) | 274 | 2.3 | (1.9–2.7) | 334 | 1.9 | (1.6–2.1) | 0.03 |
| Metabolic agents | 5114 | 15.3 | (14.6–15.9) | 2516 | 17.5 | (16.5–18.6) | 2534 | 14.2 | (13.5–15.0) | <.0001 |
| Antidiabetic | 2537 | 6.5 | (6.1–6.9) | 1432 | 8.9 | (8.1–9.6) | 1067 | 5.1 | (4.7–5.5) | <.0001 |
| Antihyperlipidemic | 3607 | 11.4 | (10.8–12.0) | 1671 | 12.2 | (11.3–13.3) | 1904 | 11.1 | (10.5–11.8) | 0.03 |
| Psychotherapeutic agents | 2275 | 9.8 | (9.3–10.3) | 935 | 11.3 | (10.3–12.4) | 1310 | 9.2 | (8.6–9.8) | 0.0005 |
| Antidepressant | 2137 | 9.3 | (8.8–9.8) | 862 | 10.5 | (9.5–11.6) | 1248 | 8.8 | (8.3–9.5) | 0.006 |
| Antipsychotic | 307 | 1.1 | (0.9–1.3) | 157 | 1.9 | (1.5–2.4) | 145 | 0.8 | (0.7–1.0) | <.0001 |
| Respiratory agents | 902 | 3.9 | (3.6–4.3) | 334 | 4.1 | (3.6–4.8) | 550 | 3.8 | (3.5–4.2) | 0.34 |
| Antihistamines | 700 | 3.1 | (2.8–3.4) | 236 | 3.1 | (2.7–3.6) | 454 | 3.2 | (2.9–3.5) | 0.83 |
| All other medications | 987 | 3.8 | (3.5–4.0) | 418 | 4.4 | (3.9–5.0) | 562 | 3.5 | (3.2–3.9) | 0.007 |
| Total, all therapeutic classes | 12261 | 42.8 | (41.5–44.0) | 5270 | 46.4 | (44.3–48.4) | 6798 | 41.5 | (40.3–42.7) | <.0001 |
1
Data source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010. Sample size (N) is unweighted for individuals who used the AI medication in the class; percentage estimates are weighted.
2
Percentage is adjusted for age, sex, race-ethnicity, education, marital status and smoking using logistic regression. N may not add to full sample due to missing data on covariates.