Table 1.
Formulation of the experimental diets (% dry matter).
| Ingredient | Soybean meal (SBM) replacement, % (HK-LP Prep., %) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBM0 | SBM15 | SBM15(0.1) | SBM30 | SBM30(0.1) | SBM45 | SBM45(0.1) | |
| Brown fish meal1 | 61 | 51 | 51 | 40 | 40 | 30.5 | 30.5 |
| Soybean meal2 | 0 | 15 | 15 | 30 | 30 | 45 | 45 |
| Wheat flour | 10 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| Soybean lecithin3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Pollack liver oil4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Vitamin mixture5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Mineral mixture6 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Stay-C7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Activated gluten8 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| α-Cellulose | 9 | 5.63 | 5.53 | 4.17 | 4.07 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| Amino acid premix9 | 0.9 | 1.27 | 1.27 | 1.73 | 1.73 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| HK-LP Prep10 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 |
|
| |||||||
| Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
1Nihon Suisan Co. Ltd (Tokyo, Japan), 2J. Oil Mills, Japan, 3,4Riken Vitamins, Tokyo, Japan.
5Vitamin mixture (g kg−1 diet): β-carotene, 0.10; Vitamin D3, 0.01; Menadione NaHSO3·3H2O (K3), 0.05; DL-α-tochopheryl acetate (E), 0.38; thiamine-nitrate (B1), 0.06; riboflavin (B2), 0.19; pyridoxine-HCl (B6), 0.05; cyanocobalamin (B12), 0.0001; biotin, 0.01; inositol, 3.85; niacine (Nicotic acid), 0.77; Ca pantothenate, 0.27; folic acid, 0.01; choline chloride, 7.87; ρ-aminobenzoic acid, 0.38; cellulose, 1.92.
6Mineral mixture (g kg−1 diet): MgSO4, 5.07; Na2HPO4, 3.23; K2HPO4, 8.87; Fe citrate, 1.10; Ca lactate, 12.09; Al(OH)3, 0.01; ZnSO4, 0.13; CuSO4, 0.004; MnSO4, 0.03; Ca(IO3)2, 0.01; CoSO4, 0.04.
7L-ascrobil-2-phosphate-Mg.
8Glico Nutrition Company Ltd. Osaka, Japan. Commercial name: “A-glu SS”.
9Amino acid premix (g 100 g−1 diet) at soybean meal replacement level of 15%; the mixed amino acids just as follows: lysine, 0.20; methionine, 0.17; alanine, 0.30; betaine, 0.30; glycine, 0.30. Amino acid premix (g 100 g−1diet) at fish meal replacement level of 30%; the mixed amino acids just as follows: lysine, 0.46; methionine, 0.38; alanine, 0.30; betaine, 0.30; glycine, 0.30. Amino acid premix (g 100 g−1diet) at fish meal replacement level of 45%; the mixed amino acids just as follows: lysine, 0.72; methionine, 0.58; alanine, 0.30; betaine, 0.30; glycine, 0.30.
10HK-LP Prep: preparation of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum made by House Wellness Foods Corp. (Itami, Japan).