Table 2.
Hazard ratio for incident CVD in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (n = 23,949) according to rs4977574 genotype and dietary or alcohol intake categories
| Hazard ratio (95% Confidence interval) | P trend b,d | P interaction e,f | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AA | AG | GG | Additive model b,d | ||||
| n | 7325 | 11777 | 4847 | ||||
| Vegetables (g/day) | 0.043, 0.049 | ||||||
| Low | 7952 | 1.29 (1.09–1.52) | 1.22 (1.04–1.43) | 1.50 (1.26–1.79) | 1.06 (0.98–1.14) | 0.16 | |
| Medium | 8041 | 0.87 (0.73–1.05) | 1.27 (1.09–1.48) | 1.41 (1.18–1.70) | 1.27 (1.17–1.38) | 5.6 × 10−8 | |
| High | 7956 | 1.00 (ref)a,e | 1.20 (1.02–1.41) | 1.43 (1.18–1.72) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 0.0004 | |
| Per categoryc,e | 0.86 (0.79–0.94) | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | 0.99 (0.90–1.09) | ||||
| Ptrend c,e | 0.001 | 0.61 | 0.83 | ||||
| Fruits (g/day) | 0.69, 0.80 | ||||||
| Low | 7886 | 1.10 (0.93–1.30) | 1.26 (1.09–1.46) | 1.51 (1.27–1.80) | 1.16 (1.07–1.26) | 0.0004 | |
| Medium | 8030 | 1.13 (0.96–1.34) | 1.25 (1.08–1.45) | 1.46 (1.23–1.74) | 1.14 (1.04–1.24) | 0.003 | |
| High | 8033 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.24 (1.07–1.44) | 1.44 (1.21–1.72) | 1.18 (1.08–1.29) | 0.0002 | |
| Per category | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | 1.00 (0.90–1.10) | ||||
| Ptrend | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.92 | ||||
| Wine (g/day) | 0.029, 0.031 | ||||||
| Non-consumers | 6843 | 1.03 (0.86–1.22) | 1.27 (1.09–1.49) | 1.57 (1.32–1.88) | 1.23 (1.14–1.34) | 4 × 10−7 | |
| Low | 8472 | 0.93 (0.78–1.11) | 1.14 (0.98–1.33) | 1.29 (1.08–1.59) | 1.16 (1.07–1.26) | 0.0004 | |
| High | 8634 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 1.17 (0.98–1.40) | 1.08 (0.98–1.18) | 0.11 | |
| Per category | 0.97 (0.88–1.08) | 0.91 (0.85–0.98) | 0.84 (0.75–0.93) | ||||
| Ptrend | 0.61 | 0.01 | 0.001 | ||||
| Alcohol (g/day) | 0.73, 0.86 | ||||||
| Abstainers | 1448 | 1.19 (0.78–1.81) | 1.63 (1.11–2.39) | 2.26 (1.49–3.42) | 1.34 (1.13–1.60) | 0.001 | |
| Low | 17331 | 1.14 (0.81–1.60) | 1.36 (0.97–1.91) | 1.47 (1.04–2.08) | 1.14 (1.07–1.20) | 0.00002 | |
| Medium | 4150 | 1.18 (0.81–1.70) | 1.06 (0.74–1.52) | 1.64 (1.13–2.37) | 1.15 (1.02–1.30) | 0.03 | |
| High | 1020 | 1 (ref) | 1.23 (0.82–1.85) | 1.57 (0.99–2.50) | 1.29 (1.02–1.63) | 0.04 | |
| Per category | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | ||||
| Ptrend | 0.74 | 0.0004 | 0.57 | ||||
aMultivariable Cox proportional hazards model for incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up with hazard ratio per each category of rs4977574 genotype and food or beverage intake assuming the highest category and AA genotype as reference.
bMultivariable Cox proportional hazards model for incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up with hazard ratio per risk G allele using an additive genetic model.
cMultivariable Cox proportional hazards model for incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up with hazard ratio per each higher food or beverage intake category with the lowest intake category as reference.
dAdjusted for age and sex.
eAdjusted for age, sex, BMI, SBP, season, method, total energy intake, leisure time physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking status, education, lipid lowering and antihypertensive treatment.
fExcluding BMI, SBP, antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment from the adjustment model.