Table 3.

Multilevel Model examining the Coupling of Memory Performance and Depressive Symptoms with Subjective Memory (Fixed Effects)

Parameter	Estimate (SE)	Standardized regression estimate (STE)
Fixed effects
Intercept, γ 00	47.771* (0.068)	6.773*
Changes across time in study and correlates
Time, γ10	−0.227* (0.008)	−0.135*
Time × time, γ20	0.001 (0.001)	0.002
Gender, γ01	0.475* (0.091)	0.033
Education, γ02	0.391* (0.016)	0.188*
Functional limitations, γ03	−0.094* (0.008)	−0.133*
Average age, γ013	0.038* (0.005)	0.055*
Average age × average age, γ014	0.006* (<0.001)	0.088*
Gender × time, γ11	0.044* (0.012)	0.012
Education × time, γ12	−0.009* (0.002)	−0.017
Functional limitations × time, γ13	0.002 (0.001)	0.011
Time × average age, γ16	0.001 (0.001)	0.006
Time × average age × average age, γ17	−0.0004* (0.0001)	−0.023
Between-person associations
Average memory, γ04	0.158* (0.007)	0.192*
Average memory × time, γ14	0.008* (0.001)	0.038
Average memory × gender, γ06	−0.084* (0.011)	−0.050*
Average memory × education, γ07	0.023* (0.002)	0.095*
Average memory × functional limitations, γ08	0.002* (0.001)	0.024
Chronic DS, γ05	−0.171* (0.007)	−0.207*
Chronic DS × time, γ15	0.001 (0.001)	0.005
Chronic DS × gender, γ09	−0.005 (0.012)	−0.003
Chronic DS × education, γ010	0.000 (0.002)	0.000
Chronic DS × functional limitations, γ011	0.001 (0.001)	0.012
Chronic DS × average memory, γ012	−0.001 (0.001)	−0.010
Within-person associations
Occasion-specific memory, γ30	0.030* (0.005)	0.030*
Occasion-specific memory × average memory, γ34	0.001 (0.001)	0.009
Occasion-specific memory × chronic DS, γ35	0.000 (0.001)	0.000
Occasion-specific memory × time, γ50	0.003* (0.001)	0.012*
Occasion-specific memory × gender, γ31	0.008 (0.007)	0.004
Occasion-specific memory × education, γ32	0.002 (0.001)	0.007
Occasion-specific memory × functional limitations, γ33	0.002* (<0.001)	0.020*
Occasion-specific memory × average age, γ36	0.000 (<0.001)	0.000
Occasion-specific memory × average age × average age, γ37	0.000 (<0.001)	0.000
Occasion-specific DS, γ40	−0.063* (0.005)	−0.067*
Occasion-specific DS × chronic DS, γ44	0.000 (<0.001)	0.000
Occasion-specific DS × average memory, γ45	0.001 (0.001)	0.009
Occasion-specific DS × time, γ60	−0.001 (0.001)	0.004
Occasion-specific DS × gender, γ41	0.002 (0.007)	0.001
Occasion-specific DS × education, γ42	0.001 (0.001)	0.004
Occasion-specific DS × functional limitations, γ43	−0.002* (<0.001)	−0.021*
Occasion-specific DS × average age, γ46	0.002* (<0.001)	0.022*
Occasion-specific DS × average age × average age, γ47	0.000 (<0.001)	0.000
−2LL	940,968
AIC	941,000

Note. N = 27,395 participants. Subjective memory, memory performance and depressive symptoms standardized to a T metric (M = 50, SD = 10) based on cross-sectional data of the present sample at baseline. Unstandardized estimates. Standard errors in parentheses. DS = depressive symptoms.

^*p < .001, or STE ≥ 0.050 for changes across time in study and between-person associations, and STE ≥ 0.010 for within-person associations.