Table 2.

Univariate analysis for the entire cohort, grade III subgroup, and grade IV subgroup for PFS and OS.

Factors	PFS			OS
	Whole cohort	Grade III	Grade IV	Whole cohort	Grade III	Grade IV
	p-value	p-value	p-value	p-value	p-value	p-value
Patient characteristics
Age (≤13 vs. >13 years)	0.854	0.537	0.881	0.139	0.095	0.681
Gender (male vs. female)	0.843	0.601	0.471	0.632	0.805	0.282
Symptom duration (<6 vs. ≥6 weeks)	0.594	0.361	0.528	0.379	0.696	0.364
Headache (yes vs. no)	0.351	0.850	0.193	0.272	0.237	0.540
Seizure (yes vs. no)	0.097	0.463	0.008	0.019	0.340	0.016
Nerve deficit (yes vs. no)	0.131	0.718	0.082	0.139	0.541	0.035
Tumor characteristics
Grade IV vs. grade III	0.041	NA	NA	0.011	NA	NA
Location (cerebrum vs. other)	0.029	0.242	0.045	0.002	0.040	0.044
Size (>5 cm vs. ≤5 cm)	0.494	0.474	0.190	0.878	0.792	0.925
Treatment characteristics
Year treated (before 1997 vs. 1997 or after)	0.822	0.126	0.529	0.972	0.131	0.527
Extent of resection (STR/biopsy vs.GTR)	0.026	0.347	0.031	0.004	0.006	0.130
Concurrent CRT (yes vs. no)	0.759	0.656	0.997	0.786	0.412	0.491
CT after RT/CRT (yes vs. no)	0.003	0.905	0.681	0.001	0.211	0.589
Temozolomide (yes vs. no)	0.032	0.137	0.006	0.309	0.214	0.336
Concurrent and adjuvant CT (yes vs. no)	0.566	0.475	0.403	0.879	0.438	0.947
Radiation dose (≥59.4 vs. <59.4 Gy)	0.696	0.592	0.592	0.392	0.065	0.739

NA, not applicable; STR, sub-total resection; GTR, gross total resection; CT, chemotherapy; RT, radiation therapy; CRT, chemoradiation.

Bold indicates significant value (p ≤ 0.05).