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Two metabolic pathways of d-xylose metabolism. Xylose is transported into cells and then it is either isomerized by xylose isomerase in some bacteria or reduced to xylitol by xylose reductase in some fungi. Xylitol is oxidized to xylulose and then phosphorylated to form xylulose-5-phosphate by xylulokinase. Xylulose-5-phosphate enters the pentose phosphate pathway for further degradation. The isomerase pathway avoids the production of xylitol.
