Table 1.
Unmatched Comparisons of Paired Groupingsa
| Characteristic | Current vs Never Smokers
|
Current vs Former Smokers
|
Former vs Never Smokers
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current (n = 681) | Never (n = 5093) | Current (n = 681) | Former (n = 946) | Former (n = 946) | Never (n = 5093) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 46.3 (17.0) | 49.8 (20.7) | 46.3 (17.0) | 61.4 (18.2) | 61.4 (18.2) | 49.8 (20.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Female sex, % | 50.2 | 72.3 | 50.2 | 47.7 | 47.7 | 72.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Marital status, % | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Married/life partner | 39.5 | 71.5 | 39.5 | 66.8 | 66.8 | 71.5 |
|
| ||||||
| Divorced/separated | 20.0 | 5.9 | 20.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 5.9 |
|
| ||||||
| Single | 35.5 | 15.3 | 35.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 15.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Other | 5.0 | 7.3 | 5.0 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 7.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Payer type, % | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Private | 44.3 | 62.0 | 44.3 | 38.7 | 38.7 | 62.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Government | 52.0 | 37.1 | 52.0 | 60.9 | 60.9 | 37.1 |
|
| ||||||
| No insurance | 3.7 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 |
|
| ||||||
| APR DRG severity, % | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| 1 | 39.2 | 47.3 | 39.2 | 37.7 | 37.7 | 47.3 |
|
| ||||||
| 2 | 38.8 | 36.9 | 38.8 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 36.9 |
|
| ||||||
| 3 | 15.9 | 12.4 | 15.9 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 12.4 |
|
| ||||||
| 4 | 6.2 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 3.4 |
|
| ||||||
| CCS category, %b | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Operations | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Nervous system | 6.6 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 4.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Endocrine system | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 |
|
| ||||||
| Eye | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
|
| ||||||
| Ear | 0.0 | <0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | <0.1 |
|
| ||||||
| Nose, mouth, and pharynx | 1.2 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Respiratory system | 3.7 | 1.3 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 1.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Cardiovascular system | 20.6 | 11.9 | 20.6 | 25.1 | 25.1 | 11.9 |
|
| ||||||
| Hemic and lymphatic system | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Digestive system | 14.8 | 11.7 | 14.8 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 11.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Urinary system | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Urinary system | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.4 |
|
| ||||||
| Female genital organs | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 5.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Obstetrical procedures | 13.4 | 32.7 | 13.4 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 32.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Musculoskeletal system | 18.8 | 18.5 | 18.8 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 18.5 |
|
| ||||||
| Integumentary system | 1.2 | 3.7 | 1.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.7 |
|
| ||||||
| Miscellaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures | 8.8 | 4.1 | 8.8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.1 |
|
| ||||||
| Discharge location, % | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Home | 88.3 | 88.0 | 88.3 | 83.3 | 83.3 | 88.0 |
|
| ||||||
| Home with home health services | 4.6 | 2.8 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 2.8 |
|
| ||||||
| Skilled nursing facility | 5.4 | 8.9 | 5.4 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 8.9 |
|
| ||||||
| Other | 1.8 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.3 |
|
| ||||||
| Admission through ED, % | 43.8 | 21.1 | 43.8 | 33.2 | 33.2 | 21.1 |
|
| ||||||
| Baseline costs, mean (SD), $b | 6743 (12 607) | 5430 (10 857) | 6743 (12 607) | 7911 (13 514) | 7911 (13 514) | 5430 (10 857) |
Abbreviations: APR DRG, All-Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Groups; CCS, Clinical Classification Software; ED, emergency department.
a
Boldface values represent significant differences (P < .05).
b
Not used in propensity matching.