. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 18.

Published in final edited form as: JAMA Surg. 2014 Mar;149(3):259–266. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2013.5009

Table 3.

Observed and Adjusted Costs in Matched Analyses for Current and Never Smokers^a

Cost Period	Observed Cost, $ (95% CI)		Adjusted Cost, $ (95% CI)
Cost Period	Current Smokers	Never Smokers	Current Smokers	Never Smokers	Predicted Difference
Index hospitalization, total cost	19 050 (17 182 to 20 917)	20 422 (18 031 to 22 813)	19 542 (18 117 to 20 968)	19 337 (17 759 to 20 914)	205.87 (−771 to 1183)

Postdischarge follow-up, monthly cost	1714 (1033 to 2395)	1510 (1039 to 1980)	1434 (1139 to 1730)	1034 (933 to 1136)	400 (131 to 669)^b

Adjusted costs were based on a generalized linear model with inverse gaussian distribution and logarithmic link, which were confirmed with modified Park and Pregibon link tests, respectively. These analyses were based on propensity score–matched data; 95%CIs were based on 200 bootstrap replications. Monthly costs were calculated as total costs divided by person-months observed to account for the differential follow-up time due to deaths in each of the groups after surgery.

P < .001.