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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Psychol. 2015 Feb;124(1):128–136. doi: 10.1037/abn0000007

Table 2. Startle potentiation by threat type, task time, and smoking group.

Baseline Anticipation After Consumption

Overall U P Overall U P Overall U P
Deprived Smokers 20.0 (3.2) 19.9 (3.5) 20.2 (3.9) 9.1* (2.4) 8.2 (2.8) 10.0 (2.9) 6.1 (2.2) 7.2 (2.6) 5.0 (2.7)
Non-deprived Smokers 16.0 (3.1) 14.7 (3.3) 17.4 (3.7) 15.5 (2.3) 13.2 (2.7) 17.7 (2.8) 15.0 (2.1) 11.4 (2.5) 18.5 (2.6)
Non-Smokers 14.9 (3.1) 14.7 (3.4) 15.2 (3.8) 14.9 (2.4) 14.8 (2.7) 14.9 (2.8) 9.6 (2.2) 8.5 (2.5) 10.7 (2.6)

Note.

Means and standard errors for startle potentiation by threat type and task time adjusted for the interactive between-subject regressor for general startle reactivity (mean centered) for the entire final sample (N=108). U = Unpredictable shock; P = Predictable shock; Overall = (unpredictable shock + predictable shock)/2.

*

Denotes the significant effect (p < .05) of the planned contrast for Anticipation (anticipation of smoking vs. baseline).