Table 2. Startle potentiation by threat type, task time, and smoking group.
Baseline | Anticipation | After Consumption | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
Overall | U | P | Overall | U | P | Overall | U | P | |
Deprived Smokers | 20.0 (3.2) | 19.9 (3.5) | 20.2 (3.9) | 9.1* (2.4) | 8.2 (2.8) | 10.0 (2.9) | 6.1 (2.2) | 7.2 (2.6) | 5.0 (2.7) |
Non-deprived Smokers | 16.0 (3.1) | 14.7 (3.3) | 17.4 (3.7) | 15.5 (2.3) | 13.2 (2.7) | 17.7 (2.8) | 15.0 (2.1) | 11.4 (2.5) | 18.5 (2.6) |
Non-Smokers | 14.9 (3.1) | 14.7 (3.4) | 15.2 (3.8) | 14.9 (2.4) | 14.8 (2.7) | 14.9 (2.8) | 9.6 (2.2) | 8.5 (2.5) | 10.7 (2.6) |
Note.
Means and standard errors for startle potentiation by threat type and task time adjusted for the interactive between-subject regressor for general startle reactivity (mean centered) for the entire final sample (N=108). U = Unpredictable shock; P = Predictable shock; Overall = (unpredictable shock + predictable shock)/2.
Denotes the significant effect (p < .05) of the planned contrast for Anticipation (anticipation of smoking vs. baseline).