Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, Mean (SD)
| Characteristic | Controls | Patients | F/X 2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) male | 26 (59) | 28 (63) | 0.15 | .83 |
| Age (y) | 38.77 (13.58) | 37.96 (11.17) | 0.10 | .99 |
| Education (y) | 14.14 (2.66) | 13.58 (3.03) | 0.87 | .99 |
| TONI index | 110.60 (10.33) | 97.73 (11.03) | 31.09 | <.001 |
| Digit span | 5.36 (0.78) | 4.37 (1.22) | 20.47 | <.001 |
| AIMS | 0.15 (0.71) | 2.33 (3.86) | 10.19 | .02 |
| BFCRS | 0 (0) | 1.63 (3.58) | 9.12 | .03 |
| UPDRS III | 0 (0) | 7.09 (7.29) | 41.56 | <.001 |
| NES | 3.94 (4.84) | 13.59 (11.45) | 21.26 | <.001 |
| MRS | 0 (0) | 2.80 (5.21) | 12.72 | .006 |
| FAB | 17.57 (0.66) | 16.16 (2.64) | 11.90 | .009 |
| TLC | 6.20 (7.72) | |||
| SANS | 24.87 (16.93) | |||
| CAINS | 17.96 (10.67) | |||
| PANSS positive | 18.00 (6.13) | |||
| PANSS negative | 18.33 (5.13) | |||
| PANSS general | 35.43 (8.36) | |||
| CPZ (mg) | 403.22 (346.98) | |||
| Duration of illness (y) | 12.89 (12.08) |
Note: AIMS, Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale; BFCRS, Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale; UPDRS III, motor part of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; NES, Neurological Evaluation Scale; MRS, Modified Rogers Scale; FAB, Frontal Assessment Battery; TLC, Thought Language and Communication Scale; SANS, Scale for the Assessment of the Negative Syndrome; CAINS, Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; P values adjusted for multiple comparisons.