Table 1.
Sample demographic, comorbid conditions and health-risk behavioral characteristics
| Entire cohort (n = 7,031)) |
No depression, CIND, or dementia (n = 4,015) |
Depression alone (n = 842) |
CIND alone (n = 945) |
Dementia alone (n = 534) |
Depression and CIND (n = 390) |
Depression and dementia (n = 305) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age | |||||||
| <65 | 390 (6%) | 187 (5%) | 117 (14%) | 34 (4%) | 9 (1%) | 33 (8%) | 10 (3%) |
| 65-74 | 3,127 (44%) | 2,132 (53%) | 376 (44%) | 321 (34%) | 100 (19%) | 140 (36%) | 58 (19%) |
| 75-84 | 2,527 (36%) | 1,362 (34%) | 267 (32%) | 396 (42%) | 213 (40%) | 148 (38%) | 141 (46%) |
| ≥85 | 987 (14%) | 334 (8%) | 82 (10%) | 194 (20%) | 212 (40%) | 69 (18%) | 96 (32%) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 2,959 (42%) | 1,853 (46%) | 247 (29%) | 422 (45%) | 204 (38%) | 128 (33%) | 105 (34%) |
| Female | 4,072 (58%) | 2,162 (54%) | 595 (71%) | 523 (55%) | 330 (62%) | 262 (67%) | 200 (66%) |
| Race | |||||||
| White | 6,064 (86%) | 3,649 (91%) | 750 (89%) | 778 (82%) | 375 (70%) | 283 (73%) | 229 (75%) |
| Non-white | 966 (14%) | 365 (9%) | 92 (11%) | 167 (18%) | 159 (30%) | 107 (27%) | 76 (25%) |
| Education | |||||||
| ≥ High school graduate | 4,280 (61%) | 2,839 (71%) | 531 (63%) | 459 (49%) | 190 (36%) | 160 (41%) | 101 (33%) |
| < High school graduate | 2,746 (39%) | 1,171 (29%) | 311 (37%) | 486 (51%) | 344 (64%) | 230 (59%) | 204 (67%) |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Married/partnered | 3,996 (57%) | 2,617 (65%) | 406 (48%) | 492 (52%) | 208 (39%) | 149 (38%) | 124 (41%) |
| Single/separated/widowed | 3,030 (43%) | 1,397 (35%) | 435 (52%) | 453 (48%) | 325 (61%) | 240 (62%) | 180 (59%) |
| Dual Medicare-Medicaid | |||||||
| No | 5,635 (80%) | 3,558 (89%) | 638 (76%) | 719 (76%) | 333 (62%) | 220 (56%) | 167 (55%) |
| Yes | 1,396 (20%) | 457 (11%) | 204 (24%) | 226 (24%) | 201 (38%) | 170 (44%) | 138 (45%) |
| Comorbid Conditions | |||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 260 (4%) | 118 (3%) | 43 (5%) | 39 (4%) | 22 (4%) | 22 (6%) | 16 (5%) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 359 (5%) | 153 (4%) | 39 (5%) | 37 (4%) | 56 (10%) | 30 (8%) | 44 (14%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 490 (7%) | 165 (4%) | 78 (9%) | 66 (7%) | 69 (13%) | 51 (13%) | 61 (20%) |
| Valvular disease | 272 (4%) | 117 (3%) | 44 (5%) | 40 (4%) | 24 (4%) | 21 (5%) | 26 (8%) |
| Pulmonary circulation disease | 87 (1%) | 40 (1%) | 17 (2%) | 9 (1%) | 7 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 8 (3%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 251 (4%) | 106 (3%) | 37 (4%) | 28 (3%) | 28 (5%) | 24 (6%) | 28 (9%) |
| Other neurological disorders | 203 (3%) | 69 (2%) | 15 (2%) | 13 (1%) | 51 (10%) | 13 (3%) | 42 (14%) |
| Diabetes without chronic | 465 (7%) | 185 (5%) | 76 (9%) | 58 (6%) | 54 (10%) | 46 (12%) | 46 (15%) |
| complications | |||||||
| Diabetes with chronic | 119 (2%) | 49 (1%) | 16 (2%) | 14 (1%) | 13 (2%) | 14 (6%) | 13 (4%) |
| complications | |||||||
| Coagulopathy | 72 (1%) | 29 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 9 (1%) | 7 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 5 (2%) |
| Hypertension | 1,240 (18%) | 529 (13%) | 188 (22%) | 160 (17%) | 134 (25%) | 103 (26%) | 126 (41%) |
| Health-risk behaviors | |||||||
| Alcohol use | |||||||
| Daily drinker | 1,664 (24%) | 1,182 (29%) | 147 (17%) | 199 (21%) | 58 (11%) | 57 (15%) | 21 (7%) |
| # of drinks per day among | 1.8 (1.4) | 1.7 (1.3) | 1.8 (1.2) | 1.8 (1.7) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.8 (1.3) | 2.4 (2.9) |
| daily drinkers | |||||||
| Smoking status | |||||||
| Never smoked | 3,015 (43%) | 1,664 (42%) | 339 (40%) | 440 (47%) | 251 (48%) | 172 (44%) | 149 (49%) |
| Former smoker | 3,197 (46%) | 1,887 (47%) | 386 (46%) | 403 (43%) | 242 (46%) | 157 (41%) | 122 (40%) |
| Current smoker | 766 (11%) | 434 (11%) | 113 (14%) | 96 (10%) | 33 (6%) | 59 (15%) | 31 (10%) |
All values are N(%) or mean (SD).
Abbreviation: CIND = cognitive impairment without dementia.