TB research using cynomolgus macaques. The timeline includes significant studies on cynomolgus macaques experimentally infected with M. tuberculosis from 1996 to 2014 (10, 15, 25, 42–59). Events are organized chronologically by year of publication. Locations of experiments (red) and the corresponding author (blue) are listed. Boxed events refer to comparative TB studies using both cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, as shown in Fig. 2. Abbreviations: BPRC, Biomedical Primate Research Center; IFN-γ, gamma interferon; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; Treg, regulatory T cells; U Pitt, University of Pittsburgh.