FIG. 1.

Schematic of the design and fabrication of dual-phase engineered tissues. Modular microbeads consisting of bmMSC (green) in a COL/FIB/HA matrix (blue) were fabricated and cultured in osteogenic medium for 14 days. Microbeads were then combined within a surrounding COL/FIB matrix (pink) containing a coculture of HUVEC (yellow) and undifferentiated bmMSC (gray). In vitro studies were performed to investigate endothelial network formation around the osteogenic microbeads. In vivo studies were performed to monitor neovascularization and ectopic bone formation in a subcutaneous model in the mouse. bmMSC, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; COL/FIB/HA, collagen/fibrin/hydroxyapatite; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea