FIG. 1.

Clinical implementation of the bioartificial airway patch. (A) Preoperative clinical situation with an extensive tracheoesophageal defect extending from the carina into the left main bronchus (bronchoscopy). (B) Bioartificial airway patch before trimming for surgical implantation. (C) Defect healing of the proximal and (D) distal left main bronchus following patch implantation (bronchoscopy). Sites of tissue biopsy: *, transplant; **, native airway tissue; Lum, luminal surface of the graft.