Table 2. Characteristics of ART-naïve, HIV-infected pregnant women and their antenatal clinics by study group.
| Characteristic | Intervention N = 189 | Usual Care N = 177 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years), median (quartiles) | 28 (25, 33) | 29 (26, 33) | |
| Marital status, no. (%) | |||
| Married | 17 (9%) | 17 (10%) | |
| Single/Divorced/Widowed | 168 (89%) | 157 (89%) | |
| Unknown | 4 (2%) | 3 (2%) | |
| Education, no. (%) | |||
| Primary or none | 12 (6%) | 16 (9%) | |
| Secondary | 157 (83%) | 130 (73%) | |
| University | 15 (8%) | 29 (16%) | |
| Unknown | 5 (3%) | 2 (1%) | |
| Imputed date of LNMP (missing or out-of-range), a no. (%) | 16 (8%) | 10 (6%) | |
| Gestational age (weeks) at ANC registration, median (quartiles) | 18 (14, 21) | 17 (14, 21) | |
| Gestational age (weeks) at delivery, median (quartiles) | 38 (36, 40) | 38 (35, 40) | |
| Premature delivery (< 37 weeks), no. (%) | 59 (31%) | 61 (34%) | |
| Timing of positive HIV test, no. (%) | |||
| Prior to pregnancy | 53 (28%) | 58(33%) | |
| During pregnancy | 131 (69%) | 115 (65%) | |
| After pregnancy/Unknown | 5 (3%) | 4 (2%) | |
| CD4 count, no. (%) | |||
| ≤ 250 cells/μL | 34 (18%) | 32 (18%) | |
| > 250 cells/μL | 113 (60%) | 99 (56%) | |
| Missing | 42 (22%) | 46 (26%) | |
| ANC with on-site ART clinic, no. (%) | 89 (47%) | 48 (27%) | |
| ANC with on-site access to EMR, no. (%) | 25 (13%) | 30 (17%) | |
| ANC received early implementation of universal ART, no. (%) b | 78 (41%) | 19 (11%) | |
Note: IQR, interquartile range; LNMP, last normal menstrual period; ANC, antenatal clinic; ART, combination antiretroviral therapy; EMR, electronic medical record.
a Women with calculated gestational age less than 22 weeks or greater than 45 weeks were considered likely out-of-range.
b Implementation of universal ART (WHO option B) prior to November 2011.